McParland P, Pearce J M, Chamberlain G V
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Lancet. 1990 Jun 30;335(8705):1552-5. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91377-m.
Screening of 1226 nulliparous women by means of doppler uteroplacental flow-velocity waveforms in early pregnancy identified 148 (12%) as being at high risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension. After exclusions and refusals, 100 women were randomly allocated to groups receiving either low-dose aspirin (75 mg daily; 48 patients) or identical placebo (52 patients) for the remainder of the pregnancy. The difference between the aspirin and placebo groups in the frequency of pregnancy-induced hypertension (13% vs 25%) did not achieve significance, but there were significant differences in the frequencies of proteinuric hypertension (2% vs 19%) and hypertension occurring before 37 weeks' gestation (0% vs 17%). Fewer aspirin-treated than placebo-treated women had low birthweight babies (15% vs 25%), but this difference was not significant. The only perinatal death in the aspirin group followed a cord accident during labour, whereas the 3 perinatal deaths in the placebo group were all due to severe hypertensive disease. No maternal or neonatal side-effects were observed in either group.
在妊娠早期，通过多普勒子宫胎盘血流速度波形对1226名未生育女性进行筛查，发现148名（12%）有妊娠高血压综合征的高风险。在排除和拒绝后，100名女性被随机分为两组，在妊娠剩余时间里，一组接受低剂量阿司匹林（每日75毫克；48名患者），另一组接受相同的安慰剂（52名患者）。阿司匹林组和安慰剂组在妊娠高血压综合征发生率上的差异（13%对25%）未达到显著水平，但在蛋白尿性高血压发生率（2%对19%）和妊娠37周前发生的高血压发生率（0%对17%）上存在显著差异。服用阿司匹林的女性中出生体重低的婴儿比服用安慰剂的女性少（15%对25%），但这种差异不显著。阿司匹林组唯一的围产期死亡发生在分娩时的脐带意外，而安慰剂组的3例围产期死亡均由严重高血压疾病导致。两组均未观察到母体或新生儿副作用。
