Perinatal Division, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah-Tiqva, Israel.
J Perinat Med. 2009;37(5):447-9. doi: 10.1515/JPM.2009.114.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a carbohydrate intolerance, with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM, and the occurrence of related complications, depends upon the definition of normal glucose values during gestation. The diagnostic criteria for GDM are controversial mainly because they lack correlation to outcome, be it maternal or perinatal. To date, there are no risk based guidelines to make the diagnosis of GDM and determine practice guidelines that are extrapolated from perinatal and maternal outcome and endpoints. To answer some of the above-mentioned controversies, the hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome study (HAPO) was planned and executed. This review outlines the results of the HAPO study, which demonstrates that fasting glucose levels and post 75 g OGTT are correlated to maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes. It is anticipated that the international recommendation for GDM diagnosis, will be shortly published.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是指在妊娠期间发生的碳水化合物不耐受，或首次被发现的糖尿病。GDM 的患病率以及相关并发症的发生，取决于妊娠期正常血糖值的定义。GDM 的诊断标准存在争议，主要是因为它们与母婴结局缺乏相关性。迄今为止，尚无基于风险的指南来诊断 GDM，并制定从母婴结局和终点推断而来的实践指南。为了回答上述一些争议，计划并开展了高血糖与不良妊娠结局研究（HAPO）。这篇综述概述了 HAPO 研究的结果，该研究表明空腹血糖水平和 75gOGTT 后血糖水平与母婴、围产儿和新生儿结局相关。预计 GDM 诊断的国际推荐意见将很快发布。
