School of Nursing and Midwifery, St Alban's Campus, Victoria University, PO Box 14228, Melbourne 8001, Australia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2012 Sep 18;12:99. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-12-99.
Gestational diabetes rates have increased dramatically in the past two decades and this pattern of increase appears to relate primarily to the obesity epidemic, older maternal age and migration from world areas of high GDM risk. Women from disadvantaged and migrant backgrounds are most at risk of developing and of mismanaging this condition. The aim of the study was to explore the factors that facilitated or inhibited gestational diabetes self-management among women in a socially deprived area.
Fifteen pregnant women, with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes, were purposively recruited for this study. Qualitative semi structured interviews and 1 focus group were conducted when participants were approximately 28-38 weeks gestation. The study's theoretical framework was based on interpretative phenomenology and data was analysed using a thematic analysis approach.
Women in this study identified a number of factors that complicated their task of GDM self-management. Barriers included: (1) time pressures; (2) physical constraints; (3) social constraints; (4) limited comprehension of requirements, and (5) insulin as an easier option. Factors facilitating GDM self-management included: thinking about the baby and psychological support from partners and families.
Women from low socio economic and migrant backgrounds often struggle to comprehend GDM self-management requirements. To improve adherence to management plans, these women require educational and supportive services that are culturally appropriate and aimed at a low level of literacy.
在过去的二十年中，妊娠期糖尿病的发病率急剧上升，这种增长模式似乎主要与肥胖症的流行、产妇年龄增长以及来自高 GDM 风险地区的移民有关。来自弱势和移民背景的女性面临着发展和管理这种疾病的最大风险。本研究的目的是探讨在社会贫困地区，促进或阻碍孕妇进行妊娠期糖尿病自我管理的因素。
本研究采用目的抽样法，选取了 15 名被诊断为妊娠期糖尿病的孕妇。当参与者处于大约 28-38 周妊娠时，进行了定性半结构化访谈和 1 个焦点小组。该研究的理论框架基于解释现象学，数据采用主题分析方法进行分析。
本研究中的女性确定了一些使她们管理 GDM 变得复杂的因素。障碍包括：（1）时间压力；（2）身体限制；（3）社会限制；（4）对要求的理解有限；（5）胰岛素作为更简单的选择。促进 GDM 自我管理的因素包括：考虑到婴儿以及来自伴侣和家人的心理支持。
来自低社会经济和移民背景的女性往往难以理解 GDM 自我管理的要求。为了提高对管理计划的依从性，这些女性需要接受文化适宜且针对低文化水平的教育和支持服务。
