Tagny C T, Owusu-Ofori S, Mbanya D, Deneys V
University Teaching Hospital of Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Transfus Med. 2010 Feb;20(1):1-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2009.00958.x. Epub 2009 Sep 1.
The high prevalence of numerous endemic and epidemic diseases such as malaria, HIV infection and viral hepatitis in some areas of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) affects the health status of blood donors. Considering the difficulties in ensuring sufficient and safe blood supply, analysing epidemiological factors that impact blood donors in this community may further bring light on issues of supply and safety, and help in planning for its rational use. This review does not aim to propose new strategies but describes the main characteristics of blood donors in SSA as collected from different reports. Data were mainly obtained from the reports of the World Health Organization and national blood transfusion programmes and also from relevant literature and conference reports. Several characteristics are common in blood donors, such as the predominance of young adult males, the high frequency of Transmission-transmitted Infections (TTIs) and some erythrocytic phenotypes. The data indicate variations in the level of improvement of blood collection and blood safety from one area to another, particularly in the field of donor motivation or screening strategies for TTIs. These data could be useful to supplement previous reports and to provide updates for governments and international organizations' programs involved in the improvement of blood safety in Africa.
撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）部分地区存在众多地方性和流行性疾病，如疟疾、艾滋病毒感染和病毒性肝炎，其高流行率影响着献血者的健康状况。鉴于确保充足和安全血液供应存在困难，分析影响该社区献血者的流行病学因素可能会进一步揭示供应和安全问题，并有助于规划血液的合理使用。本综述并非旨在提出新策略，而是描述从不同报告中收集到的SSA献血者的主要特征。数据主要来自世界卫生组织和国家输血计划的报告，以及相关文献和会议报告。献血者有几个共同特征，如年轻成年男性占主导、经输血传播感染（TTIs）频率高以及一些红细胞表型。数据表明，不同地区在采血和血液安全改善水平上存在差异，特别是在献血者激励或TTIs筛查策略方面。这些数据有助于补充先前的报告，并为参与改善非洲血液安全的政府和国际组织项目提供最新信息。
