Singer P, Jaeger W, Berger I, Barleben H, Wirth M, Richter-Heinrich E, Voigt S, Gödicke W
Central Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Academy of Sciences, Berlin-Buch, GDR.
J Hum Hypertens. 1990 Jun;4(3):227-33.
Forty-four male in-patients with mild essential hypertension were randomly allocated to three groups and put on diets supplemented with 60 ml/day of olive (n = 15), sunflowerseed (n = 15) or linseed oils (n = 14), respectively, for two weeks within a blind study. In the group receiving sunflowerseed oil an increase of linoleic acid in serum lipids could be observed, whereas arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids appeared unchanged in serum triglycerides and even significantly lower in cholesterol esters. The subjects ingesting the linseed oil-rich diet showed an increase of alpha-linolenic acid in serum lipids, whereas arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids remained unchanged in serum triglycerides. In cholesterol esters, however, arachidonic acid was significantly decreased and eicosapentaenoic acid appeared increased only to a low level of significance. In the group put on the olive oil-rich regimen only a significant fall of linoleic acid was obvious in serum triglycerides. The results might indicate a defective desaturation and elongation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids and, consequently, a slow formation of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in patients with mild essential hypertension, which should be considered in dietary studies. After the sunflowerseed oil-rich diet a significant decrease of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and the LDL/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio was found. Systolic blood pressure during a psychophysiological stress test and urinary sodium excretion appeared significantly lower after the linoleic acid-rich diet. After the linseed oil-rich diet, in addition to total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio, serum triglycerides and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activity were significantly depressed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
44名轻度原发性高血压男性住院患者被随机分为三组，在一项盲法研究中，分别给予每天补充60毫升橄榄油（n = 15）、葵花籽油（n = 15）或亚麻籽油（n = 14）的饮食，为期两周。在接受葵花籽油的组中，可观察到血清脂质中亚油酸增加，而花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸在血清甘油三酯中未发生变化，在胆固醇酯中甚至显著降低。摄入富含亚麻籽油饮食的受试者血清脂质中α-亚麻酸增加，而花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸在血清甘油三酯中保持不变。然而，在胆固醇酯中，花生四烯酸显著降低，二十碳五烯酸仅在低显著水平上有所增加。在接受富含橄榄油饮食方案的组中，血清甘油三酯中仅亚油酸显著下降。结果可能表明，轻度原发性高血压患者中亚油酸和α-亚麻酸的去饱和及延长存在缺陷，因此花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸的形成缓慢，这在饮食研究中应予以考虑。在富含葵花籽油的饮食后，总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇和LDL/高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇比值显著降低。富含亚油酸的饮食后，心理生理应激测试期间的收缩压和尿钠排泄显著降低。在富含亚麻籽油的饮食后，除了总胆固醇、LDL胆固醇和LDL/HDL胆固醇比值外，血清甘油三酯和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（LCAT）活性也显著降低。（摘要截短至250字）
