Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 8067, Al Amarat, Khartoum, Sudan.
J Virol Methods. 2010 Jan;163(1):82-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.08.017. Epub 2009 Sep 4.
This study was undertaken to investigate the role of parainfluenza virus 3 (PIV3) in respiratory infection of camels. A total of 273 lung specimens from camels with pneumonia lesions were collected from slaughterhouses in four different areas of Sudan. In addition, eight specimens were collected from outbreaks of respiratory infection in camels. Using antigen detection sandwich ELISA kits, six out of the 281 specimens tested were positive for the PIV3 antigen (2.1%); the highest prevalence was noted in Eastern Sudan (4.2%), then in Central and Northern Sudan (1.4%). The direct immunofluorescent test (FAT) was used to confirm the positive reactions for PIV3 by ELISA. The polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for the detection of the PIV3 genome in lungs of camels; two out of four samples which were positive by the PIV3 ELISA were also positive by RT-PCR. Virus isolation was attempted for PIV3 in MDBK cells; four specimens yielded cytopathic virus when inoculated onto the cell culture. The cytopathic effect (CPE) consisted of cell rounding, multinucleated cells, sloughing and elongation of cells, and some syncytia were observed on the 3rd to 7th day post-inoculation. Using commercially available indirect ELISA kits for antibodies to PIV3, 495 camel sera were tested, and the seroprevalence detected was 82.2%. The highest seroprevalence was observed in Central (92.6%), then in Eastern (92.2%) and Central to South Sudan (82.5%); the lowest prevalence was found in Northern Sudan (64.8%).
本研究旨在探讨副流感病毒 3（PIV3）在骆驼呼吸道感染中的作用。从苏丹四个不同地区的屠宰场采集了 273 份有肺炎病变的骆驼肺标本。此外，还从骆驼呼吸道感染爆发中采集了 8 份标本。使用抗原检测夹心 ELISA 试剂盒，对 281 份标本中的 6 份进行了 PIV3 抗原检测（2.1%）；苏丹东部的阳性率最高（4.2%），其次是苏丹中部和北部（1.4%）。直接免疫荧光试验（FAT）用于确认 ELISA 阳性反应的 PIV3。聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）用于检测骆驼肺部的 PIV3 基因组；在通过 PIV3 ELISA 检测为阳性的 4 个样本中，有 2 个也通过 RT-PCR 检测为阳性。尝试在 MDBK 细胞中分离 PIV3；将 4 个标本接种到细胞培养物中，可产生致病变效应病毒。在接种后第 3 至 7 天，观察到致病变效应（CPE）包括细胞圆化、多核细胞、脱落和细胞伸长，并且观察到一些合胞体。使用市售的 PIV3 抗体间接 ELISA 试剂盒，对 495 份骆驼血清进行了检测，检测到的血清阳性率为 82.2%。阳性率最高的是苏丹中部（92.6%），其次是苏丹东部（92.2%）和苏丹中部到南部（82.5%）；苏丹北部的阳性率最低（64.8%）。
