Chang Alice Y, FitzGerald Shannon J, Cannaday John, Zhang Song, Patel Amit, Palmer M Dean, Reddy Gautham P, Ordovas Karen G, Stillman Arthur E, Janowitz Warren, Radford Nina B, Roberts Arthur J, Levine Benjamin D
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Am J Cardiol. 2009 Sep 15;104(6):805-11. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.05.008. Epub 2009 Jul 18.
A high prevalence of obesity exists in National Football League (NFL) players as determined by body mass index (BMI). It is not established whether increased BMI is associated with a greater prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors or coronary atherosclerosis in former NFL players than in nonathletes. This study compared CV risk factors and coronary atherosclerosis in retired NFL players to 2 groups of community controls, the population-based Dallas Heart Study and the preventive medicine cohort, the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Retired NFL players (n = 201) were matched for ethnicity, age, and BMI (Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, age only). CV risk factors were assessed by survey and screening visit. Coronary atherosclerosis was measured by computed tomography as coronary artery calcium (CAC). Compared to population-based controls, retired NFL players had a significantly lower prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, and metabolic syndrome, yet a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and hyperlipidemia. However, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of detectable CAC (46% vs 48.3%, p = 0.69) or distribution of CAC (0 to 10, 10 to 100, 100 to 400, > or =400, p = 0.11). Comparing retired NFL players to the physically active preventive medicine controls, there was no difference in the amount of CAC. In retired NFL players, age and hyperlipidemia, not body size, were the most significant predictors of CAC. In conclusion, despite their large body size, retired NFL players do not have a greater prevalence of CV risk factors or amount of CAC than community controls.
根据体重指数（BMI）测定，美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）球员中肥胖的患病率很高。目前尚不清楚，与非运动员相比，前NFL球员中BMI升高是否与心血管（CV）危险因素或冠状动脉粥样硬化的患病率更高有关。本研究将退役NFL球员的CV危险因素和冠状动脉粥样硬化与两组社区对照进行了比较，即基于人群的达拉斯心脏研究和预防医学队列——有氧运动中心纵向研究。退役NFL球员（n = 201）按种族、年龄和BMI进行匹配（有氧运动中心纵向研究仅按年龄匹配）。通过调查和筛查访视评估CV危险因素。通过计算机断层扫描测量冠状动脉粥样硬化，以冠状动脉钙化（CAC）表示。与基于人群的对照相比，退役NFL球员患糖尿病、高血压、久坐不动的生活方式和代谢综合征的患病率显著较低，但空腹血糖受损和高脂血症的患病率较高。然而，可检测到的CAC患病率（46%对48.3%，p = 0.69）或CAC分布（0至10、10至100、100至400、≥400，p = 0.11）没有显著差异。将退役NFL球员与身体活跃的预防医学对照进行比较，CAC量没有差异。在退役NFL球员中，年龄和高脂血症而非体型是CAC的最重要预测因素。总之，尽管退役NFL球员体型庞大，但他们的CV危险因素患病率或CAC量并不比社区对照更高。
