患有精神病态者杏仁核内变形的定位
Localization of deformations within the amygdala in individuals with psychopathy.
作者信息
Yang Yaling, Raine Adrian, Narr Katherine L, Colletti Patrick, Toga Arthur W
机构信息
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
出版信息
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009 Sep;66(9):986-94. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.110.
CONTEXT
Despite the repeated findings of impaired fear conditioning and affective recognition in psychopathic individuals, there has been a paucity of brain imaging research on the amygdala and no evidence suggesting which regions within the amygdala may be structurally compromised in individuals with psychopathy.
OBJECTIVE
To detect global and regional anatomical abnormalities in the amygdala in individuals with psychopathy.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional design using structural magnetic resonance imaging.
SETTING
Participants were recruited from high-risk communities (temporary employment agencies) in the Los Angeles, California, area and underwent imaging at a hospital research facility at the University of Southern California.
PARTICIPANTS
Twenty-seven psychopathic individuals as defined by the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised and 32 normal controls matched on age, sex, and ethnicity.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Amygdala volumes were examined using traditional volumetric analyses and surface-based mesh modeling methods were used to localize regional surface deformations.
RESULTS
Individuals with psychopathy showed significant bilateral volume reductions in the amygdala compared with controls (left, 17.1%; right, 18.9%). Surface deformations were localized in regions in the approximate vicinity of the basolateral, lateral, cortical, and central nuclei of the amygdala. Significant correlations were found between reduced amygdala volumes and increased total and facet psychopathy scores, with correlations strongest for the affective and interpersonal facets of psychopathy.
CONCLUSIONS
Results provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, of focal amygdala abnormalities in psychopathic individuals and corroborate findings from previous lesion studies. Findings support prior hypotheses of amygdala deficits in individuals with psychopathy and indicate that amygdala abnormalities contribute to emotional and behavioral symptoms of psychopathy.
背景
尽管反复研究发现精神病态个体存在恐惧条件反射受损和情感识别障碍，但关于杏仁核的脑成像研究却很少，也没有证据表明杏仁核内哪些区域在精神病态个体中可能存在结构受损。
目的
检测精神病态个体杏仁核的整体和区域解剖异常。
设计
采用结构磁共振成像的横断面设计。
地点
参与者从加利福尼亚州洛杉矶地区的高危社区（临时职业介绍所）招募，并在南加州大学的医院研究设施进行成像。
参与者
根据《哈雷精神病态检查表修订版》定义的27名精神病态个体和32名在年龄、性别和种族上匹配的正常对照。
主要观察指标
使用传统体积分析检查杏仁核体积，并使用基于表面的网格建模方法定位区域表面变形。
结果
与对照组相比，精神病态个体的杏仁核双侧体积显著减小（左侧，17.1%；右侧，18.9%）。表面变形位于杏仁核基底外侧、外侧、皮质和中央核附近的区域。杏仁核体积减小与精神病态总分及各维度得分增加之间存在显著相关性，其中与精神病态情感和人际维度的相关性最强。
结论
据我们所知，结果首次提供了精神病态个体杏仁核局灶性异常的证据，并证实了先前病变研究的结果。这些发现支持了先前关于精神病态个体杏仁核缺陷的假设，并表明杏仁核异常导致了精神病态的情绪和行为症状。
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