Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle (EcoLab), UMR 5245 CNRS/UPS/INPT, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
New Phytol. 2009 Dec;184(4):794-805. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03033.x. Epub 2009 Sep 14.
Chemicals produced by aquatic organisms, and especially micro-organisms, have received increasing attention in the last decade for their role in shaping interactions and communities. Several cases emphasize the fact that chemical signals or defence may modulate interspecific interactions. Notably, it has been shown that diatoms, unicellular algae and key primary producers in aquatic ecosystems produce a wide range of bioactive metabolites. Among these compounds, polyunsaturated short-chain aldehydes in vitro strongly impair the reproduction of various potential grazers. In the field, the relationship between aldehyde production and reproductive failure in copepods remains unclear. Recent studies have suggested that these putative defence compounds may also be involved in intercellular communication and in interactions with competitors. Potential effects of the aldehyde precursors on various organisms have also been described. This review presents an overview of various results obtained in the last decade that could help us to understand the role of polyunsaturated aldehydes and their precursors in the ecology of diatoms. It is focused on the dichotomy between freshwater and marine environments. Indeed, most of the results on anti-proliferative aldehydes concern marine planktonic diatoms, whereas they are also known to be produced by benthic and freshwater species.
水生生物，尤其是微生物产生的化学物质，因其在塑造相互作用和群落方面的作用，在过去十年中受到越来越多的关注。有几个案例强调了这样一个事实，即化学信号或防御可能会调节种间相互作用。值得注意的是，已经表明，硅藻、单细胞藻类和水生生态系统中的关键初级生产者产生广泛的生物活性代谢物。在这些化合物中，体外的多不饱和短链醛强烈损害各种潜在捕食者的繁殖。在野外，醛类产生与桡足类生殖失败之间的关系尚不清楚。最近的研究表明，这些假定的防御化合物也可能参与细胞间通讯和与竞争者的相互作用。醛前体对各种生物体的潜在影响也已被描述。本文综述了过去十年中获得的各种结果，这些结果可能有助于我们了解多不饱和醛及其前体在硅藻生态学中的作用。它侧重于淡水和海洋环境之间的二分法。事实上，大多数关于抗增殖醛的结果都涉及海洋浮游硅藻，而底栖和淡水物种也已知会产生这些物质。
