Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P. R. China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, P. R. China.
PLoS One. 2018 Jul 25;13(7):e0199735. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199735. eCollection 2018.
Human-induced environmental and climate change are widely blamed for causing rapid global biodiversity loss, but direct estimation of the proportion of biodiversity lost at local or regional scales are still infrequent. This prevents us from quantifying the main and interactive effects of anthropogenic environmental and climate change on species loss. Here, we demonstrate that the estimated proportion of species loss of 252 key protected vertebrate species at a county level of China during the past half century was 27.2% for all taxa, 47.7% for mammals, 28.8% for amphibians and reptiles and 19.8% for birds. Both human population increase and species richness showed significant positive correlations with species loss of all taxa combined, mammals, birds, and amphibians and reptiles. Temperature increase was positively correlated with all-taxa and bird species loss. Precipitation increase was negatively correlated with species loss of birds. Human population change and species richness showed more significant interactions with the other correlates of species loss. High species richness regions had higher species loss under the drivers of human environmental and climate change than low-richness regions. Consequently, ongoing human environmental and climate changes are expected to perpetuate more negative effects on the survival of key vertebrate species, particularly in high-biodiversity regions.
人为引起的环境和气候变化被广泛归咎于导致全球生物多样性的快速丧失，但在地方或区域尺度上直接估计生物多样性丧失的比例仍然很少见。这使得我们无法量化人为环境和气候变化对物种丧失的主要和交互影响。在这里，我们证明，在过去半个世纪，中国县级的 252 种关键保护脊椎动物的物种损失比例为所有分类群的 27.2%，哺乳动物的 47.7%，两栖类和爬行类的 28.8%和鸟类的 19.8%。人口增长和物种丰富度都与所有分类群、哺乳动物、鸟类和两栖类和爬行类的物种损失呈显著正相关。温度升高与所有分类群和鸟类的物种损失呈正相关。降水增加与鸟类的物种损失呈负相关。人口变化和物种丰富度与物种损失的其他相关因素的相互作用更为显著。在人为环境和气候变化的驱动下，高物种丰富度地区的物种损失高于低丰富度地区。因此，持续的人为环境和气候变化预计将对关键脊椎动物物种的生存产生更多的负面影响，特别是在高生物多样性地区。
