Baron-Epel Orna, Kaplan Giora
School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Israel.
Soc Sci Med. 2009 Nov;69(10):1460-7. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.08.028. Epub 2009 Sep 16.
Disparities in health exist between the three main population groups in Israel, non-immigrant Jews, immigrants from the former Soviet Union (arriving in Israel since 1990) and Arabs. This study examines the relationship between health and socioeconomic status in this multicultural population and assesses to what extent subjective and objective socioeconomic measures may explain the disparities in health. A random cross sectional telephone survey of 1004 Israelis aged 35-65 was performed. The questionnaire measured physical and mental health-related quality of life using the Short Form 12. Information regarding subjective socioeconomic status (SSS) and objective socioeconomic status (SES) was collected. Arabs and immigrant women from the former Soviet Union had worse physical health compared to non-immigrant Jews. Immigrant and Arab men and women had worse mental health compared to non-immigrant Jews. Multivariable log-linear regression analysis adjusting for age, SSS or SES explained the disparities in physical health between Arab and non-immigrant Jewish men. However, SSS and SES did not explain the disparities in physical health between the three groups of women. The disparities in mental health between immigrants and non-immigrant Jews can be explained by SSS for both men and women, whereas the disparities between Arabs and Jews can be explained by objective SES only among women. Employed men reported better physical and mental health. Part of the disparities in mental health in Israel can be attributed to differences in SSS and SES in the different groups. However, there is a need to identify additional factors that may add to the disparities in both physical and mental health. The disparities due to socioeconomic status vary by health measure and population group.
以色列的三大主要人群，即非移民犹太人、前苏联移民（自1990年起抵达以色列）和阿拉伯人之间存在健康差异。本研究考察了这个多元文化人群中健康与社会经济地位之间的关系，并评估主观和客观社会经济指标在多大程度上可以解释健康差异。对1004名年龄在35至65岁之间的以色列人进行了随机横断面电话调查。问卷使用简短健康调查问卷12来测量与身心健康相关的生活质量。收集了有关主观社会经济地位（SSS）和客观社会经济地位（SES）的信息。与非移民犹太人相比，来自前苏联的阿拉伯移民妇女身体健康状况较差。与非移民犹太人相比，移民以及阿拉伯男性和女性心理健康状况较差。对年龄、SSS或SES进行调整的多变量对数线性回归分析解释了阿拉伯男性和非移民犹太男性在身体健康方面的差异。然而，SSS和SES并不能解释三组女性在身体健康方面的差异。移民和非移民犹太人在心理健康方面的差异，无论男性还是女性，都可以用SSS来解释，而阿拉伯人和犹太人之间的差异，仅在女性中可以用客观SES来解释。就业男性的身心健康状况较好。以色列心理健康方面的部分差异可归因于不同群体在SSS和SES方面的差异。然而，有必要找出可能加剧身心健康差异的其他因素。社会经济地位造成的差异因健康指标和人群而异。
