Shoji Shingo, Shoji Yoshihisa
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Oomuta General Hospital.
Nihon Rinsho. 2009 Aug;67(8):1525-31.
Previous studies have shown that several physiological and psychological conditions, such as hyperglycemia, diabetic neuropathy, sleep apnea syndrome and depression, may cause sleep disturbances, insomnia in diabetic patients. On the other hand, epidemiological evidences are indicating that chronic partial sleep loss may increase the risk of diabetes. Laboratory studies have shown that sleep restriction is associated with an increase in sympathetic nervous activity and a decrease in insulin sensitivity without adequate compensation in beta-cell function, resulting in an impact on glucose homeostasis and an elevated risk of diabetes. Sleep curtailment is also associated with a dysregulation of the neuroendocrine control of appetite, with a reduction of the satiety factor, leptin, and an increase in hunger-promoting hormone, ghrelin. The adverse impact of sleep deprivation on energy homeostasis is likely to be driven by increased activity of neuronal populations expressing in orexin system that promotes waking, feeding and energy-expenditure.
先前的研究表明，一些生理和心理状况，如高血糖、糖尿病神经病变、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征和抑郁症，可能会导致睡眠障碍，即糖尿病患者出现失眠。另一方面，流行病学证据表明，长期部分睡眠不足可能会增加患糖尿病的风险。实验室研究表明，睡眠限制与交感神经活动增加以及胰岛素敏感性降低有关，且β细胞功能没有得到充分补偿，从而影响葡萄糖稳态并增加患糖尿病的风险。睡眠减少还与食欲的神经内分泌控制失调有关，饱腹感因子瘦素减少，促进饥饿的激素胃泌素增加。睡眠剥夺对能量稳态的不利影响可能是由表达促进清醒、进食和能量消耗的食欲素系统的神经元群体活动增加所驱动的。
