Göksel Ozlem, Celik Gülfem E, Erkekol Ferda Oner, Güllü Emine, Mungan Dilşad, Misirligil Zeynep
Division of Allergy, Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2009 May-Jun;37(3):122-8. doi: 10.1016/S0301-0546(09)71723-9. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
As triggers have a potential to induce asthma exacerbations, awareness of the patients to individual triggers as well as protective measures might be helpful to prevent asthma attacks. Though allergens and allergen avoidance have been studied extensively, there are only few studies on non-allergic triggers and their avoidance for adult patients with asthma. In this study, we wanted to investigate asthma triggers and compliance to the preventive measures in an adult population.
One hundred and thirty one adult asthma patients were enrolled into the study. A face to face interview was done by using a questionnaire including individual asthma triggers, prevention measures against major modifiable triggers and knowledge sources of the cases.
Regardless of asthma severity, 59.5 % of the subjects reported to be triggered by more than 10 factors. The most common triggers were air pollutants (89.3 %) and weather changes (81.7 %). Severe group was more frequently affected by medications, emotional stress, weather changes and indoor pollutants than other severity groups (p=0.017, 0.014, 0.049 and 0.018, respectively) whereas stress was reported more frequently by females than males. Prevention measures were insufficient regarding some major triggers.
Adult patients are vulnerable to several triggers regardless from underlying severity of the illness. Insufficient compliance to the major preventive measures indicates that new strategies are needed to prevent asthma attacks caused by modifiable triggers.
由于触发因素有可能诱发哮喘急性发作，患者了解个体触发因素以及防护措施可能有助于预防哮喘发作。尽管变应原和避免接触变应原已得到广泛研究，但针对成年哮喘患者非变应性触发因素及其避免措施的研究却很少。在本研究中，我们想调查成年人群中的哮喘触发因素以及对预防措施的依从性。
131名成年哮喘患者纳入本研究。通过使用包含个体哮喘触发因素、针对主要可改变触发因素的预防措施以及病例知识来源的问卷进行面对面访谈。
无论哮喘严重程度如何，59.5%的受试者报告有超过10种因素可诱发哮喘。最常见的触发因素是空气污染物（89.3%）和天气变化（81.7%）。重度组比其他严重程度组更频繁地受到药物、情绪压力、天气变化和室内污染物的影响（分别为p = 0.017、0.014、0.049和0.018），而女性比男性更频繁地报告有压力。对于一些主要触发因素，预防措施并不充分。
成年患者无论病情的潜在严重程度如何，都容易受到多种触发因素的影响。对主要预防措施的依从性不足表明，需要新的策略来预防由可改变触发因素引起的哮喘发作。
