Akosu T J, Zoakah A I, Chirdan O A
Department of Community Medicine, University of Jos, Nigeria.
Community Dent Health. 2009 Sep;26(3):138-42.
To compare the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in the high and low altitude parts of the Central Senatorial District of Plateau State.
The study was cross-sectional and descriptive.
The community based study was carried out in Central Plateau Nigeria, in 2005.
The study subjects were 12-15 year old life long residents selected using the multistage sampling technique. One Local Government Area each was randomly selected from the high and low altitude parts of the district and from each selected Local Government Area two health districts were randomly selected with probability proportional to size. From each of the selected health Districts two major settlements were selected again with probability proportional to size. 12-15 year old life long residents of the selected settlements were studied. Each respondent completed an interviewer administered questionnaire after which he/she was clinically examined to ascertain his/her fluorosis status. Samples of water were collected from water sources consumed by the respondents in each settlement.
The main outcome measures were presence and severity of dental fluorosis as measured by the Thylstrup and Fejerskov index. (TF score).
One thousand one hundred children were studied, 554 (50.4%) from the high altitude part of the district and 546 (49.6%) from the low altitude part. Fluorosis prevalence was 12.9% in the district, but significantly higher (22.2%) in the high altitude areas compared to the low altitude ones (3.5%). The severest form of fluorosis in the district was TF 6 for tooth 14 and TF 5 for tooth 11.
The prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis is significantly higher in the high altitude parts of the District compared to the low altitude ones. Efforts are needed to further investigate and control the problem.
比较高原州中央参议区高海拔和低海拔地区氟斑牙的患病率及严重程度。
本研究为横断面描述性研究。
2005年在尼日利亚中部高原地区开展了基于社区的研究。
采用多阶段抽样技术选取12 - 15岁的长期居民作为研究对象。从该地区的高海拔和低海拔部分各随机选取一个地方政府区域，再从每个选定的地方政府区域按规模比例概率随机选取两个卫生区。从每个选定的卫生区再次按规模比例概率选取两个主要定居点。对选定定居点的12 - 15岁长期居民进行研究。每位受访者完成一份由访谈员管理的问卷，之后对其进行临床检查以确定其氟斑牙状况。从每个定居点的受访者所使用的水源采集水样。
主要观察指标为用蒂尔斯楚普和费耶斯科夫指数（TF评分）衡量的氟斑牙的存在情况及严重程度。
共研究了1100名儿童，其中554名（50.4%）来自该地区高海拔部分，546名（49.6%）来自低海拔部分。该地区氟斑牙患病率为12.9%，但高海拔地区（22.2%）显著高于低海拔地区（3.5%）。该地区最严重的氟斑牙形式为14号牙TF 6和11号牙TF 5。
与低海拔地区相比，该地区高海拔部分氟斑牙的患病率和严重程度显著更高。需要进一步调查和控制该问题。
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