Novotny Rachel, Williams Andrew E, Vinoya Aleli C, Oshiro Caryn E S, Vogt Thomas M
University of Hawaii, Agricultural Sciences, 1955 EastWest Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 Oct;109(10):1712-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.07.013.
Both obesity and immigration continue to increase in the United States. Studies suggest that a transition in lifestyle patterns, such as food intake, may mediate the relationship between immigration and obesity.
We examine obesity among hotel workers in relation to age, sex, race/ethnicity, and indicators of food intake, immigration, and acculturation.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Four thousand five hundred thirty hotel workers in 30 hotels were studied from the first year of the Work, Weight and Wellness program, before intervention (during 2005-2006).
Weight and height were measured, whereas race/ethnicity, language, education, immigration, acculturation, and food intake variables were assessed by questionnaire.
The study included 43% male and 57% female hotel workers (mean age 44.4+/-11.3 years; 42% Filipino, 32% other Asian, 13% Pacific Islander, 9% white, 1% black/African American, and 3% other race/ethnicity). On average (mean value), 55% of participants were born outside the United States; 57% were overweight or obese (body mass index [BMI] >25). The BMI of those born in the United States was 1.3 higher than that of those born in another country, adjusting for sex and race/ethnicity. Intake of sweet drinks and meat was positively associated with BMI while intake of fruit was negatively associated with BMI. Age at arrival in United States ("generation") was negatively associated with BMI, whereas greater acculturation was positively associated with BMI.
Food intake behaviors are probably related to place of birth, generation of migration to the United States, and acculturation. Direct measures of food intake added explanatory power to models, suggesting the importance of food intake to obesity. Further study of the influence of immigration, acculturation, and food intake on obesity using longitudinal study designs is warranted.
在美国，肥胖率和移民数量都在持续上升。研究表明，生活方式模式的转变，如食物摄入量的变化，可能会调节移民与肥胖之间的关系。
我们研究酒店工作人员的肥胖情况与年龄、性别、种族/民族以及食物摄入量、移民和文化适应指标之间的关系。
对象/研究地点：在“工作、体重与健康”项目的第一年（2005 - 2006年）干预前，对30家酒店的4530名酒店工作人员进行了研究。
测量体重和身高，通过问卷调查评估种族/民族、语言、教育程度、移民情况、文化适应情况和食物摄入量变量。
该研究包括43%的男性和57%的女性酒店工作人员（平均年龄44.4±11.3岁；42%为菲律宾人，32%为其他亚洲人，13%为太平洋岛民，9%为白人，1%为黑人/非裔美国人，3%为其他种族/民族）。平均而言，55%的参与者出生在美国境外；57%超重或肥胖（体重指数[BMI]>25）。在对性别和种族/民族进行调整后，在美国出生的人的BMI比在其他国家出生的人高1.3。甜饮料和肉类的摄入量与BMI呈正相关，而水果的摄入量与BMI呈负相关。抵达美国的年龄（“代际”）与BMI呈负相关，而更高的文化适应程度与BMI呈正相关。
食物摄入行为可能与出生地、移民到美国的代际以及文化适应有关。食物摄入量的直接测量为模型增加了解释力，表明食物摄入量对肥胖的重要性。有必要使用纵向研究设计进一步研究移民、文化适应和食物摄入量对肥胖的影响。
