Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Investigation Centre, University of Porto, Portugal.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 Nov;53(11):1430-7. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200900007.
Anthocyanins bioavailability is a major issue regarding their biological effects and remains unclear due to few data available on this matter. This work aimed to evaluate the absorption of anthocyanins at the intestine using Caco-2 cells. Anthocyanin extract, rich in malvidin-3-glucoside, was obtained from red grape skins and tested on Caco-2 cells. The absorption of anthocyanins, in absence or presence of 1% ethanol, was detected by HPLC/DAD/LC-MS. Our results showed that this transport was significantly increased in the presence of ethanol especially after 60 min of incubation. In addition, cells that were pretreated for 96 h with anthocyanins (200 microg/mL) showed an increase of their own transport (about 50% increase). Expression of glucose transporters sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1, facilitative glucose transporters 5, and facilitative glucose transporters 2 was assessed by RT-PCR. It was found that facilitative glucose transporters 2 expression was increased (60%) in Caco-2 cells pretreated with anthocyanins, by comparison with controls. When the effect of anthocyanin extract on (3)H-2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake was tested, an inhibitory effect was observed (about 60% decrease). However, the malvidin aglycone was tested and had no effect. In conclusion, anthocyanins could be absorbed through Caco-2 cells, and can interfere with their own transport and also with glucose intestinal uptake.
花色苷的生物利用度是其生物效应的一个主要问题，由于这方面的数据很少，因此仍然不清楚。本工作旨在使用 Caco-2 细胞评估花色苷在肠道中的吸收。花色苷提取物富含矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷，从红葡萄皮中获得，并在 Caco-2 细胞上进行测试。通过 HPLC/DAD/LC-MS 检测花色苷在不存在或存在 1%乙醇的情况下的吸收。我们的结果表明，这种运输在乙醇存在下显着增加，特别是在孵育 60 分钟后。此外，用花色苷（200 μg/mL）预处理 96 h 的细胞显示出自身运输的增加（约增加 50%）。通过 RT-PCR 评估葡萄糖转运蛋白钠依赖性葡萄糖转运蛋白 1、易化葡萄糖转运蛋白 5 和易化葡萄糖转运蛋白 2 的表达。发现与对照相比，用花色苷预处理的 Caco-2 细胞中易化葡萄糖转运蛋白 2 的表达增加（60%）。当测试花色苷提取物对（3）H-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖摄取的影响时，观察到抑制作用（约 60%的减少）。然而，测试了矢车菊苷元，没有效果。总之，花色苷可以通过 Caco-2 细胞吸收，并且可以干扰它们自身的运输以及葡萄糖的肠道摄取。
