Ffytche Matt
Univ. of London
Psychoanal Hist. 2007;9(1):39-70. doi: 10.3366/pah.2007.9.1.39.
The unconscious is implicated in Romantic and liberal discourses of autonomous individuality, and these insinuate themselves in complex ways into Freud's descriptions of the psyche. Focusing on "The Interpretation of Dreams," the paper examines the fortunes of notions such as autonomy and selfhood, beginning with a consideration of Freud's languages of determinism, and moving on to the theory of the wish. In particular it examines ambiguities in the accounts of sexual and egotistical wishes, and in the portrayal of egotism itself. It is suggested that behind such ambiguities lies a deeper ambivalence in Freud's understanding of the I and its autonomy, which is in turn related to indeterminacies in the liberal concept of self. These ambiguities are further explored via the unstable political metaphors Freud attaches to the father-son relationship. The paper argues that such instabilities in the idea of selfhood radically unsettle the terms of the psychoanalytic account.
无意识与自主个性的浪漫主义和自由主义话语相关联，而这些话语以复杂的方式融入到弗洛伊德对心理的描述之中。本文以《梦的解析》为重点，从对弗洛伊德决定论语言的考量入手，进而探讨愿望理论，以此审视诸如自主性和自我等概念的发展脉络。尤其要考察性愿望和利己愿望描述中的模糊性，以及利己主义本身的描绘。有人认为，这些模糊性背后隐藏着弗洛伊德对自我及其自主性理解中更深层次的矛盾心理，而这又与自由主义自我概念中的不确定性相关。通过弗洛伊德赋予父子关系的不稳定政治隐喻，对这些模糊性进行了进一步探究。本文认为，自我概念中的这种不稳定性从根本上动摇了精神分析理论的基础。
