Department of Biology, Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 2010 Apr;51(3):222-8. doi: 10.1002/em.20531.
Amoxicillin (AMO), a drug used in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria, has been evaluated for its ability to induce genotoxicity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The potential genotoxic effects of AMO were investigated in vitro by the sister chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosomal aberration (CA), and micronucleus (MN) tests. The cells were treated with 400, 600, 800, and 1,000 microg/ml AMO in the presence and absence of a metabolic activator (S9 mix), respectively. In this study, AMO did not induce SCEs or CAs in human peripheral blood lymphocytes both in the presence and absence of the metabolic activator. AMO concentration-dependently decreased the proliferation index (PI) in the absence of the metabolic activation for 24-hr treatment period. Mitotic index (MI) was generally found to have been reduced when compared with the negative control but not with the solvent control in cultures treated with AMO for 24 hr. AMO did not decrease the PI and MI in the presence of the metabolic activator. Furthermore, AMO neither induced the formation of MN nor decreased the nuclear division index in human peripheral blood lymphocytes both in the presence and absence of the metabolic activator. According to the present results, we suggest that AMO does not pose genotoxic risk for patients who are under therapy against bacterial infections.
阿莫西林（AMO）是一种用于治疗敏感细菌引起的感染的药物，已评估其在人类外周血淋巴细胞中诱导遗传毒性的能力。通过姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）、染色体畸变（CA）和微核（MN）试验在体外研究 AMO 的潜在遗传毒性作用。用 400、600、800 和 1000μg/ml AMO 分别在存在和不存在代谢激活剂（S9 混合物）的情况下处理细胞。在本研究中，AMO 既没有在存在也没有在不存在代谢激活剂的情况下诱导人类外周血淋巴细胞中的 SCE 或 CA。AMO 浓度依赖性地降低了无代谢激活的增殖指数（PI）在 24 小时处理期间。与阴性对照相比，有丝分裂指数（MI）通常较低，但与溶剂对照相比，24 小时处理的培养物中的 MI 并没有降低。在存在代谢激活剂的情况下，AMO 不会降低 PI 和 MI。此外，AMO 既没有诱导 MN 的形成，也没有降低人类外周血淋巴细胞中的核分裂指数，无论是否存在代谢激活剂。根据目前的结果，我们认为 AMO 不会对接受细菌感染治疗的患者造成遗传毒性风险。
