Department of Applied Psychology, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2009 Sep;80(3):491-501. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2009.10599587.
Bat/ball contact produces visual (the ball leaving the bat), auditory (the "crack" of the bat), and tactile (bat vibration) feedback about the success of the swing. We used a batting simulation to investigate how college baseball players use visual, tactile, and auditory feedback. In Experiment 1, swing accuracy (i.e., the lateral separation between the point of contact and "sweet spot") was compared for no feedback (N), visual alone, auditory alone, and tactile alone. Swings were more accurate for all single-modality combinations as compared to no feedback, and visual produced the greatest accuracy. In Experiment 2, the congruency between visual, tactile, and auditory was varied so that in some trials, the different modalities indicated that the simulated ball contacted the bat at different points. Results indicated that batters combined information but gave more weight to visual. Batting training manuals, which typically only discuss visual cues, should emphasize the importance of auditory and tactile feedback in baseball batting.
击球时会产生视觉（球离开球棒）、听觉（球棒的“噼啪”声）和触觉（球棒振动）反馈，以判断挥棒的效果。我们使用击球模拟来研究大学生棒球运动员如何使用视觉、触觉和听觉反馈。在实验 1 中，比较了无反馈（N）、仅视觉、仅听觉和仅触觉条件下的挥棒准确性（即接触点和“甜蜜点”之间的横向分离）。与无反馈相比，所有单一模式组合的挥棒都更准确，而视觉产生的准确性最高。在实验 2 中，改变了视觉、触觉和听觉之间的一致性，以便在某些试验中，不同的模式表明模拟球在不同的点接触球棒。结果表明，击球手会整合信息，但更重视视觉信息。击球训练手册通常只讨论视觉线索，因此应该强调在棒球击球中听觉和触觉反馈的重要性。
