Rudy Jerry W
Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
Learn Mem. 2009 Sep 30;16(10):573-85. doi: 10.1101/lm.1494409. Print 2009 Oct.
Psychologists and neurobiologists have a long-standing interest in understanding how the context surrounding the events of our lives is represented and how it influences our behavior. The hippocampal formation emerged very early as a major contributor to how context is represented and functions. There is a large literature examining its contribution that on the surface reveals an array of conflicting outcomes and controversy. This review reveals that these conflicts can be resolved by building Nadel and Willner's dual-process theory of context representations. Two general conclusions emerge: (1) There are two neural systems that can support context representations and functions-a neocortical system composed primarily of perirhinal and postrhinal cortices and a hippocampal system that includes perirhinal, postrhinal, entorhinal cortices, and the hippocampal formation. (2) These two systems are not equivalent-some context representations and functions are uniquely supported by the hippocampal system. These conclusions are discussed in the context of canonical ideas about the special properties of the hippocampal system that enable it to make unique contributions to memory.
心理学家和神经生物学家长期以来一直致力于理解我们生活中事件的周边环境是如何被表征的，以及它如何影响我们的行为。海马结构很早就成为了理解环境表征和功能的主要贡献者。有大量文献研究其贡献，表面上揭示了一系列相互矛盾的结果和争议。本综述表明，通过构建纳德尔和威尔纳的情境表征双过程理论，可以解决这些冲突。得出了两个一般性结论：（1）有两个神经系统可以支持情境表征和功能——一个主要由嗅周皮质和嗅后皮质组成的新皮质系统，以及一个包括嗅周皮质、嗅后皮质、内嗅皮质和海马结构的海马系统。（2）这两个系统并不等同——一些情境表征和功能由海马系统独特支持。这些结论将在关于海马系统特殊属性的经典观点的背景下进行讨论，这些特殊属性使其能够对记忆做出独特贡献。
