Witter M P, Naber P A, van Haeften T, Machielsen W C, Rombouts S A, Barkhof F, Scheltens P, Lopes da Silva F H
Graduate School Neurosciences Amsterdam, and Department of Anatomy, Research Institute Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands.
Hippocampus. 2000;10(4):398-410. doi: 10.1002/1098-1063(2000)10:4<398::AID-HIPO6>3.0.CO;2-K.
The hippocampal memory system, consisting of the hippocampal formation and the adjacent parahippocampal region, is known to play an important role in learning and memory processes. In recent years, evidence from a variety of experimental approaches indicates that each of the constituting fields of the hippocampal memory system may serve functionally different, yet complementary roles. Understanding the anatomical organization of cortico-parahippocampal-hippocampal connectivity may lead to a further understanding of these potential functional differences. In the present paper we present the two main conclusions of experiments in which we studied the anatomical organization of the hippocampal memory system of the rat in detail, with a focus on the pivotal position of the entorhinal cortex. We first conclude that the simple traditional view of the entorhinal cortex as simply the input and output structure of the hippocampal formation needs to be modified. Second, our data indicate the existence of two parallel pathways through the hippocampal memory system, arising from the perirhinal and postrhinal cortex. These two parallel pathways may be involved in separately processing functionally different types of sensory information. This second proposition will be subsequently evaluated on the basis of series of electrophysiological studies we carried out in rats and some preliminary functional brain imaging studies in humans.
海马记忆系统由海马结构和相邻的海马旁区域组成，已知在学习和记忆过程中发挥重要作用。近年来，来自各种实验方法的证据表明，海马记忆系统的每个组成部分可能具有功能上不同但互补的作用。了解皮质-海马旁-海马连接的解剖组织可能有助于进一步理解这些潜在的功能差异。在本文中，我们展示了实验的两个主要结论，在这些实验中，我们详细研究了大鼠海马记忆系统的解剖组织，重点关注内嗅皮质的关键位置。我们首先得出结论，内嗅皮质仅仅是海马结构的输入和输出结构这种简单的传统观点需要修正。其次，我们的数据表明，存在两条通过海马记忆系统的平行通路，它们起源于嗅周皮质和嗅后皮质。这两条平行通路可能分别参与处理功能上不同类型的感觉信息。我们随后将根据在大鼠身上进行的一系列电生理研究以及在人类身上进行的一些初步功能性脑成像研究来评估这第二个观点。
