Kristiansen G
Department Pathologie, Institut für klinische Pathologie, Universitätsspital Zürich (USZ), Schmelzbergstr 12, 8091 Zürich, Schweiz.
Pathologe. 2009 Dec;30 Suppl 2:146-53. doi: 10.1007/s00292-009-1230-4.
Immunohistochemistry has become an indispensible tool in biopsy diagnostics of prostate tissues. In particular the use of basal cell markers can be useful to differentiate benign and malignant lesions as a lack of basal cells is considered a hallmark of malignancy. Basal cell cytokeratins and p63 have therefore a long standing place in the diagnostic portfolio of most genito-urinary pathologists. However, to complement the use of these negative markers by additional positive immunohistochemistry markers of malignancy would be desirable to further increase diagnostic accuracy. The most widely used positive marker is alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), which is strongly upregulated in prostate cancer and which can even be combined with p63 in a single immunostaining. This article briefly and critically reviews current diagnostic prostate cancer biomarkers and also suggests golgi phosphoprotein 2 (GOLPH2) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) as additional diagnostic markers.
免疫组织化学已成为前列腺组织活检诊断中不可或缺的工具。特别是基底细胞标志物的应用有助于区分良性和恶性病变，因为缺乏基底细胞被认为是恶性肿瘤的一个标志。因此，基底细胞细胞角蛋白和p63在大多数泌尿生殖病理学家的诊断方法中一直占有一席之地。然而，通过额外的恶性肿瘤阳性免疫组织化学标志物来补充这些阴性标志物的使用，将有助于进一步提高诊断准确性。最广泛使用的阳性标志物是α-甲基酰基辅酶A消旋酶（AMACR），它在前列腺癌中强烈上调，甚至可以与p63在单一免疫染色中联合使用。本文简要并批判性地综述了当前诊断前列腺癌的生物标志物，还建议将高尔基体磷蛋白2（GOLPH2）和脂肪酸合酶（FASN）作为额外的诊断标志物。
