Ellison Sparkle T, Brewer William E, Morgan Stephen L
Department of Chemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
J Anal Toxicol. 2009 Sep;33(7):356-65. doi: 10.1093/jat/33.7.356.
The extraction of basic, acidic, and neutral drugs of abuse from a low volume of urine (0.2 mL) using disposable pipette extraction (DPX) is described. DPX is a solid-phase extraction device that uses loosely contained sorbent inside a pipette tip fitted with a screen. This device provides faster extraction times because conditioning steps are not required. In this study, the DPX used a modified divinyl benzene sorbent containing both cation-exchange and reversed-phase mechanisms that facilitates the retention of basic and acidic/neutral drugs, respectively. With this device, a comprehensive method of analysis was developed for a diverse group of drugs and drug classes in urine including amphetamines, opiates, cocaine and its metabolites, tetrahydrocannabinol metabolite, tricyclic antidepressants, meperidine, methadone, and phencyclidine. Recoveries of the majority of drugs analyzed were 90% or greater with relative standard deviations of less than 10%. Additional validation involved the analysis of urine specimens previously analyzed by a local forensic toxicology laboratory.
本文描述了使用一次性移液器萃取法（DPX）从少量尿液（0.2 mL）中萃取碱性、酸性和中性滥用药物的方法。DPX是一种固相萃取装置，它在装有筛网的移液器吸头内使用松散填充的吸附剂。该装置无需进行活化步骤，因此萃取时间更快。在本研究中，DPX使用了一种改性二乙烯基苯吸附剂，其兼具阳离子交换和反相机制，分别有助于保留碱性和酸性/中性药物。利用该装置，开发了一种针对尿液中多种药物和药物类别的综合分析方法，这些药物包括苯丙胺类、阿片类、可卡因及其代谢物、四氢大麻酚代谢物、三环类抗抑郁药、哌替啶、美沙酮和苯环己哌啶。大多数分析药物的回收率达到90%或更高，相对标准偏差小于10%。额外的验证工作涉及对先前由当地法医毒理学实验室分析过的尿液样本进行分析。
