Tomás Y Garrido Gloria María, López Moratalla Natalia
Universidad Católica de Murcia Campus Los Jerónimos, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain.
Cuad Bioet. 2009 Sep-Dec;20(70):317-31.
In the process of life-transmission, when could we say that we are in the presence of a developing human body? A new human being starts with conception, after the specific gametes of father and mother recognize and fuse with each other; inherited genetic information is fed back reciprocally between the two "pronuclei", during a number of hours, and the resulting egg cell is more than the sum resulting from the fusion of the gametes. It is a living being in its totipotent unicellular stage, a body indeed, with corporal axes assigned, and ready to develop following a "continuum", a marked-out sequence. Divisions initiated in the totipotent fertilized egg give rise to diverse stem cells: pluripotent, multipotent and germinating cells; these latter cells maturing in special niches. Space-cellular organization of each organ and tissue has a precise site in the early, developing organism following a process with precise starting and finishing times and always preserving the individual as a unit. At precisely linked stages the individual temporarily activates potentialities proper of his biological identity. The fact, being tracked through human biology, that each human body is a manifestation of its owner, offers a clear response to the debated question of the connection between the temporal beginning of each man as a zygote or fertilized egg and the origin of his specifically human capacities.
在生命传递的过程中，我们何时可以说面前存在一个正在发育的人体呢？一个新的人类始于受孕之时，即父母特定的配子相互识别并融合之后；遗传信息在两个“原核”之间相互反馈长达数小时，由此产生的卵细胞并非仅仅是配子融合的产物。它处于全能单细胞阶段，是一个实实在在的个体，已经确定了身体的轴线，并准备按照一个“连续体”，即一个明确的序列进行发育。全能受精卵开始分裂，产生各种干细胞：多能、多潜能和生殖细胞；这些细胞在特定的微环境中成熟。每个器官和组织的空间细胞组织在早期发育的生物体中都有精确的位置，这个过程有精确的起始和结束时间，并且始终将个体作为一个整体来维持。在精确相连的阶段，个体暂时激活其生物特性所固有的潜能。通过人类生物学追踪发现，每个人体都是其所有者的一种体现，这为关于每个人作为受精卵或合子的时间起点与其特定人类能力起源之间联系的争议问题提供了明确的答案。
