Love E J, Taylor P M, Clark C, Whay H R, Murrell J
Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK.
Equine Vet J. 2009 Jul;41(6):552-6. doi: 10.2746/042516409x391024.
In the UK butorphanol has a marketing authorisation for administration to horses for sedation in combination with detomidine, and at a higher dose (0.1 mg/kg bwt), for the alleviation of pain. There is only a limited number of clinical studies designed to examine the analgesic effects of butorphanol administration following surgery.
To investigate the effect of premedication with butorphanol on post operative pain following castration under general anaesthesia in ponies.
Ponies receiving butorphanol would experience less pain after castration than ponies that did not receive butorphanol.
A randomised, observer blinded clinical study in which 20 ponies received butorphanol and detomidine (Group B) or detomidine alone (Group C). Anaesthesia was induced with ketamine and diazepam and open castration performed. Pain was assessed by one individual using a dynamic interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS) 100 mm in length (0 = no pain, 100 mm the maximum possible pain for that procedure). 'Rescue' analgesia was administered when DIVAS >50 mm and was butorphanol i.v. On the second occasion DIVAS was >50 mm, flunixin was administered i.v. Data from the DIVAS were analysed using a Mann Whitney Test.
Only one animal did not require rescue analgesia after surgery (Group C). DIVAS were not significantly different between groups (P = 0.063).
Castration is sufficiently painful that administration of a single preoperative dose of butorphanol does not provide adequate post operative analgesia.
在英国，布托啡诺已获得上市许可，可与地托咪定联合用于马匹镇静，并以更高剂量（0.1毫克/千克体重）用于缓解疼痛。旨在研究布托啡诺给药后对手术镇痛效果的临床研究数量有限。
探讨布托啡诺预处理对小马全身麻醉去势术后疼痛的影响。
接受布托啡诺的小马去势后疼痛程度低于未接受布托啡诺的小马。
一项随机、观察者盲法的临床研究，20匹小马分为两组，一组接受布托啡诺和地托咪定（B组），另一组仅接受地托咪定（C组）。用氯胺酮和地西泮诱导麻醉并进行开放式去势手术。由一人使用长度为100毫米的动态交互式视觉模拟量表（DIVAS）评估疼痛程度（0 = 无疼痛，100毫米为该手术可能的最大疼痛程度）。当DIVAS>50毫米时给予“解救”镇痛，药物为静脉注射布托啡诺。当第二次DIVAS>50毫米时，静脉注射氟尼辛。使用曼-惠特尼检验分析DIVAS数据。
术后只有一只动物（C组）不需要解救镇痛。两组之间的DIVAS无显著差异（P = 0.063）。
去势手术疼痛剧烈，术前单次给予布托啡诺不能提供足够的术后镇痛效果。
