JSS Medical College and Hospital, Ramanuja Road, Mysore, 570004, Karnataka, India.
Lung. 2009 Nov-Dec;187(6):393-400. doi: 10.1007/s00408-009-9179-x. Epub 2009 Oct 6.
Rhinitis and asthma commonly coexist and studies have shown a positive association between rhinitis and asthma in both atopic and nonatopic adults. Longitudinal studies have shown that in many cases rhinitis precedes the onset of asthma. The aims of this study were to study the time interval for the development of asthma after the onset of rhinitis, to determine the proportion of patients in whom rhinitis precedes asthma, and to study the factors associated with the development of asthma in patients with allergic rhinitis compared to patients who continue to have allergic rhinitis alone. This was a cross-sectional study done at a tertiary care allergy center in Mysore, South India. It included consecutive patients between 2004 and 2006 with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. We used a structured questionnaire, clinical evaluation, spirometry, and skin-prick testing. A total of 1,141 subjects were included in the study. Among them, 700 had allergic rhinitis for varying intervals before developing asthma and 355 had rhinitis without asthma. In subjects aged 20 years or younger, logistic regression analysis confirmed an independent association with a family history of allergic rhinitis and sensitization to house dust mites as risk factors and ever-used nasal steroids as protective against developing asthma in subjects with allergic rhinitis. In subjects older than 20 years, a family history of allergic rhinitis, atopy, and sensitization to house dust mites and trees were risk factors and ever-user of nasal steroids was protective. Rhinitis often preceded asthma and a high proportion of patients, both children and adults, developed asthma within 2 years after the onset of rhinitis. A family history of allergic rhinitis, atopy, and sensitization to house dust mites and trees are associated with the development of asthma in patients with allergic rhinitis.
变应性鼻炎和哮喘常同时存在，研究表明变应性鼻炎和哮喘在特应性和非特应性成人中呈正相关。纵向研究表明，在许多情况下，变应性鼻炎先于哮喘发作。本研究的目的是研究变应性鼻炎发作后哮喘发展的时间间隔，确定变应性鼻炎先于哮喘的患者比例，并研究与仅持续变应性鼻炎的患者相比，变应性鼻炎患者发展为哮喘的相关因素。这是在印度南部迈索尔的一家三级保健过敏中心进行的横断面研究。它包括 2004 年至 2006 年间连续患有变应性鼻炎和/或哮喘的患者。我们使用了结构化问卷、临床评估、肺活量测定和皮肤点刺试验。共有 1141 名受试者纳入研究。其中，700 名在出现哮喘之前患有不同时间的变应性鼻炎，355 名患有无哮喘的变应性鼻炎。在 20 岁或以下的受试者中，逻辑回归分析证实，家族中有变应性鼻炎史和对屋尘螨过敏与作为风险因素的变应性以及曾使用鼻用类固醇与变应性鼻炎患者发展为哮喘的保护性因素独立相关。在 20 岁以上的受试者中，家族有变应性鼻炎史、特应性和对屋尘螨和树木过敏是危险因素，曾使用鼻用类固醇是保护性因素。变应性鼻炎常先于哮喘，相当比例的儿童和成人在变应性鼻炎发作后 2 年内发展为哮喘。家族有变应性鼻炎史、特应性和对屋尘螨和树木过敏与变应性鼻炎患者发展为哮喘有关。
