Bjørn H, Monrad J, Kassuku A A, Nansen P
Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Acta Trop. 1990 Oct;48(1):59-67. doi: 10.1016/0001-706x(90)90065-8.
This study was undertaken to establish whether resistance to benzimidazole anthelmintics was present in gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats at the university farm of Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania. Groups of lambs were treated with albendazole at 3.8 mg/kg (recommended dose rate), 5.6 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg and a fourth group was untreated. Seven days after treatment, faecal egg count reductions (FECR) were found to be 94.3%, 97.6% and 99.3% and 14 days after treatment FECR of the same groups were 83.0%, 81.3% and 99.6%, respectively. Larval cultures indicated that only H. contortus were present in post-treatment samples. This strain of H. contortus, (DASP) and another strain of H. contortus (MKATA), considered susceptible to anthelmintics, were used in an experimental in vivo study and for an in vitro egg hatch assay. Treatment with fenbendazole at the recommended dose of groups of lambs infected with either strains showed no reduction in the DASP strain and a 70.5% reduction in the MKATA strain. The in vitro egg hatch assay established a significant difference (p less than 0.05) in hatchability of eggs of the two strains. The development of the high level of resistance to fenbendazole in the DASP strain is related to the history of anthelmintic usage and management of sheep and goats at the university farm.
本研究旨在确定坦桑尼亚莫罗戈罗索科因大学农业学院农场的绵羊和山羊胃肠道线虫是否对苯并咪唑类驱虫药产生抗性。将几组羔羊分别用阿苯达唑以3.8毫克/千克（推荐剂量率）、5.6毫克/千克和10.0毫克/千克进行治疗，第四组不进行治疗。治疗后7天，粪便虫卵计数减少率（FECR）分别为94.3%、97.6%和99.3%；治疗后14天，同一组的FECR分别为83.0%、81.3%和99.6%。幼虫培养表明，治疗后的样本中仅存在捻转血矛线虫。这种捻转血矛线虫菌株（DASP）和另一种被认为对驱虫药敏感的捻转血矛线虫菌株（MKATA）被用于一项体内实验研究和一项体外虫卵孵化试验。用推荐剂量的芬苯达唑对感染这两种菌株的几组羔羊进行治疗后，DASP菌株未出现减少，而MKATA菌株减少了70.5%。体外虫卵孵化试验表明，两种菌株的虫卵孵化率存在显著差异（p小于0.05）。DASP菌株对芬苯达唑产生高水平抗性与该大学农场绵羊和山羊的驱虫药使用历史及管理方式有关。
