Fleeman L M, Rand J S, Markwell P J
Centre for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
J Small Anim Pract. 2009 Nov;50(11):604-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2009.00817.x. Epub 2009 Oct 8.
To assess the influence of high-fibre, moderate-carbohydrate diets with two levels of dietary fat, compared with a commercial diet with moderate-fibre, low-carbohydrate and higher fat, on insulin requirement, glycaemic control and lipid profile of dogs with stabilised diabetes.
Twelve dogs with spontaneous diabetes mellitus were studied. Glycaemic control was evaluated by plasma fructosamine, glycosylated haemoglobin and 48-hour serial blood glucose measurements. The insulin dosage required to maintain clinical stability was also determined. Lipid profiles comprised serial measurements of plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, free glycerol and free fatty acids. Data were analysed using analysis of variance.
There were no significant differences in insulin requirement or glycaemic control among diets. Weight loss occurred when the dogs were fed the high-fibre, moderate-carbohydrate, moderate-fat diet (P<0.002), whereas weight was maintained with the other two diets. The high-fibre, moderate-carbohydrate, moderate-fat diet resulted in lower mean plasma cholesterol compared with either of the higher-fat diets (P< or =0.003), and lower mean plasma triglyceride (P=0.060), free fatty acid (P<0.001) and free glycerol (P=0.015) than the commercial diet.
For stable diabetic dogs, high-fibre, moderate-carbohydrate diets offered no significant advantage compared with a commercial diet with moderate fibre and low carbohydrate. Diets with high fibre, moderate carbohydrate and moderate fat should not be routinely recommended for dogs with thin body condition.
评估高纤维、中等碳水化合物且含两种脂肪水平的饮食，与中等纤维、低碳水化合物及高脂肪的商业饮食相比，对病情稳定的糖尿病犬胰岛素需求量、血糖控制及血脂情况的影响。
对12只自发性糖尿病犬进行研究。通过血浆果糖胺、糖化血红蛋白及48小时连续血糖测量评估血糖控制情况。还确定了维持临床稳定所需的胰岛素剂量。血脂情况包括对血浆胆固醇、甘油三酯、游离甘油及游离脂肪酸的连续测量。数据采用方差分析进行分析。
不同饮食之间在胰岛素需求量或血糖控制方面无显著差异。给犬喂食高纤维、中等碳水化合物、中等脂肪饮食时体重减轻（P<0.002），而另外两种饮食可维持体重。与两种高脂肪饮食中的任何一种相比，高纤维、中等碳水化合物、中等脂肪饮食导致的平均血浆胆固醇更低（P≤0.003），且与商业饮食相比，其平均血浆甘油三酯（P=0.060）、游离脂肪酸（P<0.001）和游离甘油（P=0.015）更低。
对于病情稳定的糖尿病犬，高纤维、中等碳水化合物饮食与中等纤维、低碳水化合物的商业饮食相比无显著优势。对于体型消瘦的糖尿病犬，不应常规推荐高纤维、中等碳水化合物及中等脂肪的饮食。
