Hayes G
RSPCA Greater Manchester Animal Hospital, 411 Eccles New Road, Salford, Manchester M55NN.
J Small Anim Pract. 2009 Nov;50(11):576-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2009.00783.x. Epub 2009 Oct 8.
To establish predilection sites of obstruction and to investigate clinical factors associated with a poor outcome.
A retrospective study of 208 consecutive cases over a 48-month period from first-opinion practice.
Overall, 91 per cent of cases recovered with higher survival rates from discrete foreign bodies (94 per cent in dogs and 100 per cent in cats) as opposed to linear foreign bodies (80 per cent in dogs and 63 per cent in cats). English bull terriers, springer spaniels, Staffordshire bull terriers, Border collies and Jack Russell terriers were over-represented. In dogs, 63 per cent of obstructions occurred in the jejunum but foreign objects were encountered at all points along the gastrointestinal tract. A longer duration of clinical signs, the presence of a linear foreign body and multiple intestinal procedures were associated with significantly increased mortality. Neither the degree of obstruction (partial or complete) nor the location of the foreign body was shown to have a significant influence on survival.
Prompt presentation, diagnosis and surgical intervention improve the outcome of gastrointestinal obstruction by foreign bodies. At surgery, the minimal number of intestinal procedures should be performed to restore the integrity of the alimentary tract.
确定梗阻的好发部位，并研究与不良预后相关的临床因素。
对首诊实践中连续48个月的208例病例进行回顾性研究。
总体而言，91%的病例康复，离散异物的存活率更高（犬为94%，猫为100%），而线性异物的存活率较低（犬为80%，猫为63%）。英国斗牛梗、激飞猎犬、斯塔福郡斗牛梗、边境牧羊犬和杰克罗素梗的比例过高。在犬中，63%的梗阻发生在空肠，但沿胃肠道各部位均发现有异物。临床症状持续时间较长、存在线性异物和多次肠道手术与死亡率显著增加相关。梗阻程度（部分或完全）和异物位置均未显示对存活率有显著影响。
及时就诊、诊断和手术干预可改善异物所致胃肠道梗阻的预后。手术时，应进行最少的肠道手术以恢复消化道的完整性。
