Koo Jongwon, Eom Kidong, Kim Jaehwan, Jeong Jeongyun, Yoon Hongji, Lee Minsu, Park Jinsoo, Cho Jongmun
Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Daegu Animal Medical Center, Daegu 42185, Republic of Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Apr 29;15(9):1260. doi: 10.3390/ani15091260.
This study presents a comparative analysis of the computed tomographic (CT), radiographic, and ultrasonographic (US) characteristics of gastrointestinal foreign bodies, including bezoars, in dogs and cats, and evaluates their association with complications and clinical outcomes. A total of 33 cases (26 dogs, 7 cats) with surgically or endoscopically confirmed foreign bodies were reviewed, classified as bezoars ( = 15) or distinct foreign bodies ( = 18). CT features such as attenuation values, transition zones, and proximal-to-distal small intestinal diameter ratios were compared. Bezoars typically appeared as intraluminal masses with mottled gas patterns and indistinct boundaries (33.3% vs. 94.4%, < 0.001) and were associated with longer clinical signs (median 14 vs. 5.5 days, = 0.013), more frequent transition zones (92.3% vs. 41.7%, = 0.011), and a greater diameter ratio (2.9 vs. 1.25, = 0.012) across the transition zone. Radiographic and US evaluations were available in six bezoar cases; only one radiograph (17%) detected the bezoar, while US showed acoustic shadowing in four cases (67%). Six patients (18%) experienced adverse outcomes, with bowel wall ruptures significantly associated with poor prognosis ( < 0.001). These findings highlight the superior diagnostic performance of CT, particularly for bezoars, and emphasize the importance of identifying transition zones and bowel diameter ratios in assessing gastrointestinal foreign bodies and their associated risks. Early CT evaluation may thus facilitate timely intervention and improve clinical outcomes.
本研究对犬猫胃肠道异物（包括胃石）的计算机断层扫描（CT）、X线摄影及超声（US）特征进行了对比分析，并评估了它们与并发症及临床结局的关联。共回顾了33例经手术或内镜确诊有异物的病例（26只犬，7只猫），分为胃石组（ = 15）和明确异物组（ = 18）。比较了CT特征，如衰减值、过渡区及小肠近端至远端直径比。胃石通常表现为腔内肿块，有斑驳的气体模式且边界不清（33.3%对94.4%，< 0.001），并与更长的临床症状持续时间相关（中位数14天对5.5天， = 0.013），过渡区更常见（92.3%对41.7%， = 0.011），且过渡区直径比更大（2.9对1.25， = 0.012）。有6例胃石病例可进行X线摄影和超声评估；仅1张X线片（17%）检测到胃石，而超声在4例（67%）中显示有声影。6例患者（18%）出现不良结局，肠壁破裂与预后不良显著相关（< 0.001）。这些发现突出了CT卓越的诊断性能，尤其是对胃石，强调了在评估胃肠道异物及其相关风险时识别过渡区和肠直径比的重要性。因此早期CT评估可能有助于及时干预并改善临床结局。
