Ozturhan Hakan, Emekdaş Gürol, Sezgin Orhan, Korkmaz Metin, Altintaş Engin
Departments of Microbiology, Mersin University, School of Medicine, Mersin.
Turk J Gastroenterol. 2009 Sep;20(3):198-203. doi: 10.4318/tjg.2009.0007.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Fascioliasis is an important zoonotic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica. This zoonosis may cause serious morbidity and a considerable financial burden. Knowledge about Fasciola hepatica and interest in this parasite have increased in Turkey recently. However, there have been few studies on the real prevalence of this condition in the country. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis and the role of family history of the condition in the transmission of the parasite in the province of Mersin.
Taking account of their populations, 729 people without a family history of fascioliasis and 155 people with a family history of fascioliasis from the city of Mersin and randomly selected three towns were included into the study to obtain a sample that well represented the population of the province of Mersin. A questionnaire composed of items about consumption of green leafy vegetables, stock-breeding and clinical symptoms of the disease was used to collect data. Excretory/ secretory (ES)-ELISA was used to detect IgG antibodies to Fasciola hepatica. People seropositive for Fasciola hepatica underwent abdominal ultrasonography, physical examination, biochemistry, and stool tests for the detection of Fasciola hepatica eggs.
A total of 0.79% of the participants were seropositive for Fasciola hepatica. One point ninety-three percent of the individuals with a family history of fascioliasis and 0.55% of the individuals without a family history of fascioliasis were seropositive for Fasciola hepatica. Out of 7 individuals found to be seropositive for Fasciola hepatica, 5 were female, 2 were male, and 4 had a family history of fascioliasis. Five and 4 patients, respectively, had a history of consuming green leafy vegetables and 4 had a history of stock-breeding. The clinical evaluation revealed that 4 patients had at least one sign of fascioliasis. Three patients had signs of fascioliasis on ultrasonography and 1 had Fasciola hepatica egg in stool examination. There was no significant difference in seropositivity for Fasciola hepatica between the individuals with and without a family history of fascioliasis (x2: 0.077, p>0.05).
The prevalence of fascioliasis was hypoendemic in the province of Mersin. There were no significant differences in the Fasciola hepatica prevalence between the groups with and without family history of fascioliasis. However, studies with larger sample sizes may reveal a difference.
背景/目的：肝片吸虫病是由肝片吸虫引起的一种重要的人畜共患病。这种人畜共患病可能导致严重的发病率和相当大的经济负担。近年来，土耳其对肝片吸虫的了解以及对这种寄生虫的关注度有所增加。然而，关于该国这种疾病的实际患病率的研究却很少。因此，我们旨在确定梅尔辛省肝片吸虫病的患病率以及该病家族史在寄生虫传播中的作用。
考虑到人口因素，从梅尔辛市及其随机选取的三个城镇中，纳入了729名无肝片吸虫病家族史的人和155名有肝片吸虫病家族史的人，以获得一个能很好代表梅尔辛省人口的样本。使用一份由关于绿叶蔬菜消费、畜牧业和该病临床症状的项目组成的问卷来收集数据。采用排泄/分泌（ES）-酶联免疫吸附测定法检测抗肝片吸虫的IgG抗体。对肝片吸虫血清学阳性的人进行腹部超声检查、体格检查、生化检查和粪便检测以检测肝片吸虫卵。
共有0.79%的参与者肝片吸虫血清学呈阳性。有肝片吸虫病家族史的个体中1.93%以及无肝片吸虫病家族史的个体中0.55%肝片吸虫血清学呈阳性。在7名被发现肝片吸虫血清学阳性的个体中，5名是女性，2名是男性，4名有肝片吸虫病家族史。分别有5名和4名患者有食用绿叶蔬菜的历史，4名有畜牧业历史。临床评估显示，4名患者至少有一项肝片吸虫病体征。3名患者超声检查有肝片吸虫病体征，1名患者粪便检查发现肝片吸虫卵。有无肝片吸虫病家族史的个体之间肝片吸虫血清阳性率无显著差异（χ²：0.077，p>0.05）。
肝片吸虫病在梅尔辛省的患病率为低流行。有无肝片吸虫病家族史的组之间肝片吸虫患病率无显著差异。然而，更大样本量的研究可能会揭示差异。
