脑 gangliosides 在轴突-髓鞘稳定性和轴突再生中的作用。
Brain gangliosides in axon-myelin stability and axon regeneration.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
出版信息
FEBS Lett. 2010 May 3;584(9):1741-7. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.011. Epub 2009 Oct 12.
Abstract
Gangliosides, sialic acid-bearing glycosphingolipids, are expressed at high abundance and complexity in the brain. Altered ganglioside expression results in neural disorders, including seizures and axon degeneration. Brain gangliosides function, in part, by interacting with a ganglioside-binding lectin, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). MAG, on the innermost wrap of the myelin sheath, binds to gangliosides GD1a and GT1b on axons. MAG-ganglioside binding ensures optimal axon-myelin cell-cell interactions, enhances long-term axon-myelin stability and inhibits axon outgrowth after injury. Knowledge of the molecular interactions of brain gangliosides may improve understanding of axon-myelin stability and provide opportunities to enhance recovery after nerve injury.
摘要
神经节苷脂是一种富含唾液酸的糖鞘脂，在大脑中表达丰富且具有高度复杂性。神经节苷脂表达的改变会导致神经紊乱，包括癫痫发作和轴突退化。脑神经节苷脂的功能部分是通过与神经节苷脂结合凝集素，髓鞘相关糖蛋白（MAG）相互作用来实现的。MAG 位于髓鞘最内层，与轴突上的神经节苷脂 GD1a 和 GT1b 结合。MAG-神经节苷脂的结合确保了轴突-髓鞘细胞间相互作用的最佳状态，增强了轴突-髓鞘的长期稳定性，并抑制了损伤后的轴突生长。对脑神经节苷脂分子相互作用的了解可能有助于加深对轴突-髓鞘稳定性的理解，并为神经损伤后的恢复提供机会。
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