Bonomi Amy E, Anderson Melissa L, Reid Robert J, Rivara Frederick P, Carrell David, Thompson Robert S
Department of Human Development and Family Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Arch Intern Med. 2009 Oct 12;169(18):1692-7. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.292.
We characterized the relative risk of a wide range of diagnoses in women with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV) compared with never-abused women.
The sample comprised 3568 English-speaking women who were randomly sampled from a large US health plan and who agreed to participate in a telephone survey to assess past-year IPV history using questions from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (physical, sexual, and psychological abuse) and the Women's Experience with Battering Scale. Medical and psychosocial diagnoses in the past year were determined using automated data from health plan records. We estimated the relative risk of receiving diagnoses for women with a past-year IPV history compared with women with no IPV history.
In age-adjusted models, compared with never-abused women, abused women had consistently significantly increased relative risks of these disorders: psychosocial/mental (substance use, 5.89; family and social problems, 4.96; depression, 3.26; anxiety/neuroses, 2.73; tobacco use, 2.31); musculoskeletal (degenerative joint disease, 1.71; low back pain, 1.61; trauma-related joint disorders, 1.59; cervical pain, 1.54; acute sprains and strains, 1.35); and female reproductive (menstrual disorders, 1.84; vaginitis/vulvitis/cervicitis, 1.56). Abused women had a more than 3-fold increased risk of being diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease (3.15) and a 2-fold increased risk of lacerations (2.17) as well as increased risk of acute respiratory tract infection (1.33), gastroesophageal reflux disease (1.76), chest pain (1.53), abdominal pain (1.48), urinary tract infections (1.79), headaches (1.57), and contusions/abrasions (1.72).
Past-year IPV history was strongly associated with a variety of medical and psychosocial conditions observed in clinical settings.
我们对有亲密伴侣暴力史（IPV）的女性与从未遭受虐待的女性相比，患各种疾病的相对风险进行了特征描述。
样本包括3568名说英语的女性，她们是从美国一个大型健康计划中随机抽取的，并同意参与一项电话调查，使用行为风险因素监测系统（身体、性和心理虐待）的问题以及妇女受虐经历量表来评估过去一年的IPV史。过去一年的医学和心理社会诊断是根据健康计划记录中的自动数据确定的。我们估计了有过去一年IPV史的女性与无IPV史的女性相比接受诊断的相对风险。
在年龄调整模型中，与从未遭受虐待的女性相比，受虐女性患以下疾病的相对风险持续显著增加：心理社会/精神方面（物质使用障碍，5.89；家庭和社会问题，4.96；抑郁症，3.26；焦虑症/神经症，2.73；烟草使用障碍，2.31）；肌肉骨骼方面（退行性关节疾病，1.71；腰痛，1.61；创伤相关关节疾病，1.59；颈部疼痛，1.54；急性扭伤和拉伤，1.35）；以及女性生殖方面（月经失调，1.84；阴道炎/外阴炎/宫颈炎，1.56）。受虐女性被诊断患有性传播疾病的风险增加了3倍多（3.15），撕裂伤的风险增加了2倍（2.17），以及急性呼吸道感染（1.33）、胃食管反流病（1.76）、胸痛（1.53）、腹痛（1.48）、尿路感染（1.79）、头痛（1.57）和挫伤/擦伤（1.72）的风险增加。
过去一年的IPV史与临床环境中观察到的各种医学和心理社会状况密切相关。
