National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2010 Aug;12(4):439-51. doi: 10.1007/s10126-009-9233-y. Epub 2009 Oct 13.
The purpose of the present study was to isolate marine culturable bacteria with antibacterial activity and hence a potential biotechnological use. Seawater samples (244) and 309 swab samples from biotic or abiotic surfaces were collected on a global Danish marine research expedition (Galathea 3). Total cell counts at the seawater surface were 5 x 10(5) to 10(6) cells/ml, of which 0.1-0.2% were culturable on dilute marine agar (20 degrees C). Three percent of the colonies cultured from seawater inhibited Vibrio anguillarum, whereas a significantly higher proportion (13%) of colonies from inert or biotic surfaces was inhibitory. It was not possible to relate a specific kind of eukaryotic surface or a specific geographic location to a general high occurrence of antagonistic bacteria. Five hundred and nineteen strains representing all samples and geographic locations were identified on the basis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequence homology and belonged to three major groups: Vibrionaceae (309 strains), Pseudoalteromonas spp. (128 strains), and the Roseobacter clade (29 strains). Of the latter, 25 strains were identified as Ruegeria mobilis or pelagia. When re-testing against V. anguillarum, only 409 (79%) retained some level of inhibitory activity. Many strains, especially Pseudoalteromonas spp. and Ruegeria spp., also inhibited Staphylococcus aureus. The most pronounced antibacterial strains were pigmented Pseudoalteromonas strains and Ruegeria spp. The inhibitory, pigmented Pseudoalteromonas were predominantly isolated in warmer waters from swabs of live or inert surfaces. Ruegeria strains were isolated from all ocean areas except for Arctic and Antarctic waters and inhibitory activity caused by production of tropodithietic acid.
本研究的目的是分离具有抗菌活性的海洋可培养细菌，从而具有潜在的生物技术用途。在丹麦全球海洋研究考察（Galathea 3）中，采集了海水样本（244 个）和 309 个来自生物或无生命表面的拭子样本。海水表面的总细胞计数为 5 x 10(5)到 10(6)个细胞/ml，其中 0.1-0.2%可在稀海水琼脂（20°C）上培养。从海水中培养的 3%的菌落抑制鳗弧菌，而惰性或生物表面的菌落的抑制比例显著更高（13%）。无法将特定的真核表面或特定的地理位置与普遍存在的拮抗细菌联系起来。根据部分 16S rRNA 基因序列同源性和地理来源，代表所有样本和地理位置的 519 株菌被鉴定为三个主要组：弧菌科（309 株）、假交替单胞菌属（128 株）和玫瑰杆菌群（29 株）。其中，25 株被鉴定为移动杆菌或 pelagia。当重新测试对鳗弧菌的抑制作用时，只有 409 株（79%）保留了一定程度的抑制活性。许多菌株，特别是假交替单胞菌属和 Ruegeria 属，也抑制金黄色葡萄球菌。最显著的抗菌菌株是色素假交替单胞菌和 Ruegeria 属。抑制色素假交替单胞菌主要从生物或惰性表面的活或惰性拭子中分离，主要来自温暖水域。除了北极和南极水域外，Ruegeria 菌株从所有海洋区域分离，其抑制活性归因于 tropodithietic 酸的产生。
