Antai A B, Ofem O E, Ikpi D E, Ukafia S, Agiang E A
Department of Physiology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Niger J Physiol Sci. 2009 Jun;24(1):79-83. doi: 10.4314/njps.v24i1.46388.
Gongronema latifolium is a climbing perennial plant that belongs to the family of asclepidaceae. The medicinal uses of the leaves and stem bark extract of Gongronema latifolium has been reported in many scientific literatures to include anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-ulcerative etc. There is paucity in scientific reports on the medicinal properties of the root extract. This study was therefore designed to elucidate the phytochemical constituents and effect of ethanolic root extract of Gongronema latifolium on some hematological parameters. Eighteen (18) albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 [control] was fed on normal rat chow, the test groups [group 2 and 3] in addition received extract treatment [p.o] at a dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg respectively. The feeding regimens lasted for 14 days and all animals had access to tap water. Results show that the extract contains polyphenols, glycosides, reducing sugars and alkaloids. The mean RBC count for control was 4.44+/-0.15x10(6)cells/mm3, this did not differ significantly from the test groups. The total WBC counts were 3.79+/-0.15x10(3) cells/mm3, 3.37+/-0.19x10(3)cells/mm3 and 5.54+/-0.39x10(3)cells/mm3 for groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively. WBC was significantly [P<0.01] higher in the high dose [group 3] compared with control. Mean PCV [%] were 33.60+/-0.81, 37.20+/-0.80 and 34.80+/-1.35 for groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The PCV was significantly [P<0.05) higher in low dose extract recipients [group 2] than in control. Hb content, MCV and MCH did not differ significantly among the groups, but MCHC was significantly lower in the test groups compared with control group. Neutrophils were significantly [P<0.001] reduced in the test groups, while the eosinophils and monocytes count were significantly increased in the test groups than in controls. In conclusion, the extract has little or no effect on RBC count, PCV, MCV and MCH. But low doses of the extract significantly increased the Hb count while high doses significantly increased WBC count, probably due to increase in eosinophil and monocyte counts. MCHC was dose-dependently reduced. The extract was also observed to contain polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides and reducing sugars.
宽叶 Gongronema 是一种攀缘多年生植物，属于萝摩科。许多科学文献报道了宽叶 Gongronema 叶和茎皮提取物的药用价值，包括抗高血糖、抗溃疡等。关于根提取物药用特性的科学报道较少。因此，本研究旨在阐明宽叶 Gongronema 乙醇根提取物的植物化学成分及其对一些血液学参数的影响。18 只白化 Wistar 大鼠被随机分为 3 组，每组 6 只。第 1 组[对照组]喂以正常大鼠饲料，试验组[第 2 组和第 3 组]分别以 100mg/kg 和 200mg/kg 的剂量口服提取物进行处理。喂养方案持续 14 天，所有动物均可饮用自来水。结果表明，提取物含有多酚、糖苷、还原糖和生物碱。对照组的平均红细胞计数为 4.44±0.15x10(6)个细胞/mm3，与试验组无显著差异。第 1、2 和 3 组的白细胞总数分别为 3.79±0.15x10(3)个细胞/mm3、3.37±0.19x10(3)个细胞/mm3 和 5.54±0.39x10(3)个细胞/mm3。高剂量组[第 3 组]的白细胞与对照组相比显著升高[P<0.01]。第 1、2 和 3 组的平均红细胞压积[%]分别为 33.60±0.81、37.20±0.80 和 34.80±1.35。低剂量提取物组[第 2 组]的红细胞压积显著高于对照组[P<0.05]。血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞血红蛋白在各组之间无显著差异，但试验组的平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度显著低于对照组。试验组的中性粒细胞显著减少[P<0.001]，而试验组的嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞计数显著高于对照组。总之,提取物对红细胞计数、红细胞压积、平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞血红蛋白影响很小或无影响。但低剂量提取物显著增加血红蛋白计数，高剂量显著增加白细胞计数，可能是由于嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞计数增加。平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度呈剂量依赖性降低。还观察到提取物含有多酚、生物碱、糖苷和还原糖。
