Mbaoji Florence Nwakaego, Onwuka Akachukwu Marytheresa, Onu Sunday, Peter Ikechukwu Emmanuel, Nweze Justus Amuche, Okonta Lilian Eleje
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria.
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 May 6;2020:1738163. doi: 10.1155/2020/1738163. eCollection 2020.
The stem bark decoction of Harms (Fabaceae) is most widely used traditionally as a remedy for various diseases such as malaria and boil. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of the methanol-dichloromethane extract (MDE) from the stem bark of the plant in rodents were evaluated.
The carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rat, and xylene-induced ear oedema in mice were used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol-dichloromethane extract of (MDESm) (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). The effects of MDESm (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression, neutrophil adhesion, carbon clearance, and haematological and biochemical parameters were carried out to study its immunomodulatory activity in mice.
MDESm (100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ( < 0.05) inhibited carrageenan-induced oedema by 57.1% at 5 h posttreatment compared with control. At 100 mg/kg, p.o., MDESm significantly ( < 0.05) reduced cotton pellet-induced granuloma by 39.28% and nonsignificantly reduced xylene-induced ear oedema by 34.1%. Treatment with MDESm (100 and 400 mg/kg) nonsignificantly abolished the neutropenia caused by cyclophosphamide with a percentage neutrophil reduction of 0 and -14.86%, respectively, while MDESm (200 mg/kg) and levamisole (50 mg/kg) had a nonsignificant reduction in neutrophil count (10.16 and 31.40%), respectively, all compared to the distilled water-treated group with a neutrophil count of -9.82%. MDESm at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg increased phagocytic index by 0.0447 ± 0.00762 and 0.0466 ± 0.00703, respectively, although not significantly when compared to the control group with a value of 0.0226 ± 0.02117. There was a decrease in WBC and lymphocyte counts in MDESm- (200 mg/kg) treated group, suggesting immunosuppressive potential at this dose. MDESm caused a dose-dependent decrease in ALT and core liver enzymes, suggesting a hepatoprotective effect. The acute toxicity test revealed that MDESm is safe in mice with an oral lethal dose (LD) of >5 g/kg.
The methanol-dichloromethane extract of Harms possesses mild anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities which may be more pronounced upon fractionation and purification. Therefore, more investigations are needed to explore these activities further.
哈姆斯豆科植物的茎皮煎剂在传统医学中最广泛用于治疗疟疾和疖子等各种疾病。本研究评估了该植物茎皮的甲醇 - 二氯甲烷提取物（MDE）在啮齿动物中的抗炎和免疫调节活性。
采用角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠足肿胀、棉球诱导的大鼠肉芽肿和二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀来研究哈姆斯豆科植物甲醇 - 二氯甲烷提取物（MDESm）（100、200和400mg/kg）的抗炎活性。通过研究MDESm（100、200和400mg/kg）对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制、中性粒细胞黏附、碳粒廓清以及血液学和生化参数的影响，来考察其在小鼠中的免疫调节活性。
与对照组相比，MDESm（100mg/kg，口服）在治疗后5小时显著（p<0.05）抑制角叉菜胶诱导的肿胀，抑制率为57.1%。在100mg/kg口服剂量下，MDESm显著（p<0.05）降低棉球诱导的肉芽肿，降低率为39.28%，对二甲苯诱导的耳肿胀降低率为34.1%，但差异不显著。用MDESm（100和400mg/kg）治疗对环磷酰胺引起的中性粒细胞减少无显著影响，中性粒细胞减少百分比分别为0和 -14.86%，而MDESm（200mg/kg）和左旋咪唑（50mg/kg）对中性粒细胞计数的降低不显著（分别为10.16%和31.40%）。与中性粒细胞计数为 -9.82%的蒸馏水治疗组相比，所有组均如此。100和200mg/kg剂量的MDESm分别使吞噬指数增加0.0447±0.00762和0.0466±0.00703，尽管与吞噬指数为0.0226±0.02117的对照组相比差异不显著。MDESm（200mg/kg）治疗组的白细胞和淋巴细胞计数降低，表明该剂量具有免疫抑制潜力。MDESm导致谷丙转氨酶和核心肝酶呈剂量依赖性降低，表明具有肝保护作用。急性毒性试验表明，MDESm对小鼠安全，口服致死剂量（LD）>5g/kg。
哈姆斯豆科植物的甲醇 - 二氯甲烷提取物具有轻度抗炎和免疫调节活性，经分级分离和纯化后可能更显著。因此，需要进一步研究以深入探索这些活性。
