Gale Catharine R, Wilson Janet A, Deary Ian J
MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, (University of Southampton) Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Psychosom Med. 2009 Nov;71(9):1026-31. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181bc7739. Epub 2009 Oct 15.
To assess whether globus is associated with psychopathology in men. Globus-a persistent sensation of having a lump in the throat with no detectable physical cause-has long been thought a predominantly female disorder. Several small studies, based wholly or largely on women, suggested that globus is associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, and somatic concern.
Participants were 4240 male U.S. veterans who underwent detailed medical and psychological examinations in middle age. Psychological health was assessed by structured diagnostic interview and the clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). The MMPI includes an item on the presence of globus.
The prevalence of globus was 6.4%. Men with globus had an increased risk of being diagnosed with somatization disorder, odds ratio (OR) = 5.92, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 3.22, 10.9l; major depression, OR = 4.98, 95% CI = 3.63, 6.67; generalized anxiety disorder, OR = 3.70, 95% CI = 2.75, 4.90; posttraumatic stress disorder, OR = 3.50, 95% CI = 2.54, 4.76; and drug abuse or dependence, OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.15, 3.13; and they scored significantly higher on nine of the ten MMPI clinical scales. Globus was also associated with lower cognitive ability, socioeconomic and educational disadvantage, a higher pulse rate, and increased likelihood of being on antihypertensive medication.
Globus is linked with a wide range of psychopathology in men, notably depression and somatization disorder. Men presenting with globus might have developed that particular symptom to "represent" other, related and treatable psychopathology, which should also be investigated.
评估咽异感症与男性精神病理学之间是否存在关联。咽异感症是一种长期存在的喉咙有肿块的感觉，且无明显物理病因，长期以来一直被认为主要是女性疾病。一些完全或主要基于女性的小型研究表明，咽异感症与更高水平的抑郁、焦虑和躯体关注有关。
参与者为4240名美国男性退伍军人，他们在中年时接受了详细的医学和心理检查。通过结构化诊断访谈和明尼苏达多相人格调查表（MMPI）的临床量表评估心理健康状况。MMPI包括一项关于咽异感症存在的项目。
咽异感症的患病率为6.4%。患有咽异感症的男性被诊断为躯体化障碍的风险增加，比值比（OR）=5.92，95%置信区间（CI）=3.22，10.91；重度抑郁症，OR = 4.98，95% CI = 3.63，6.67；广泛性焦虑症，OR = 3.70，95% CI = 2.75，4.90；创伤后应激障碍，OR = 3.50，95% CI = 2.54，4.76；药物滥用或依赖，OR = 1.89，95% CI = 1.15，3.13；并且他们在MMPI十个临床量表中的九个量表上得分显著更高。咽异感症还与较低的认知能力、社会经济和教育劣势、较高的脉搏率以及服用抗高血压药物的可能性增加有关。
咽异感症与男性广泛的精神病理学有关，尤其是抑郁症和躯体化障碍。出现咽异感症的男性可能已经发展出这种特殊症状来“代表”其他相关且可治疗的精神病理学，对此也应进行调查。
