University of Connecticut, School of Social Work, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA.
Violence Against Women. 2009 Dec;15(12):1477-89. doi: 10.1177/1077801209346958. Epub 2009 Oct 15.
Evan Stark claims that partner-perpetrated physical abuse and other forms of violence against women ought to be understood as a human rights violation. The authors engage Stark's rhetorically powerful political and analytical innovation by outlining one theoretical and one practical challenge to shifting the paradigm that researchers, advocates, and policy makers use to describe, explain, and remedy the harms of coercive control from misdemeanor assault to human rights violation. The theoretical challenge involves overcoming the public/ private dichotomy that underpins liberal conceptions of human rights.The practical challenge involves using the human rights framework in the United States, given public indifference to human rights rhetoric or law, reluctance of U.S. policy makers to submit to scrutiny or justice-oriented processes under international law on issues of human rights and especially war crimes, and the consequent U.S. legacy of refusal to participate meaningfully in the international human rights process. The authors conclude that employing a human rights framework holds potential in the United States, but the paradigm shift Stark advocates will not materialize without widespread mobilization of interest in and understanding of human rights among domestic violence advocates and the society in general.
埃文·斯塔克（Evan Stark）声称，伴侣实施的身体虐待和其他形式的暴力侵害妇女行为应被视为侵犯人权的行为。作者通过概述将研究人员、倡导者和政策制定者用来描述、解释和补救强制控制危害的范式从轻罪攻击转变为人权侵犯的理论和实践挑战，利用了斯塔克在政治和分析上具有强大说服力的创新。理论上的挑战涉及克服作为自由人权概念基础的公共/私人二分法。实践上的挑战涉及在美国使用人权框架，因为公众对人权言论或法律漠不关心，美国政策制定者不愿意接受国际法在人权问题，尤其是战争罪方面的审查或面向正义的程序，以及由此产生的美国拒绝有意义地参与国际人权进程的传统。作者得出的结论是，在美国，采用人权框架具有潜力，但如果没有国内暴力行为倡导者和整个社会对人权的广泛关注和理解，斯塔克所倡导的范式转变将不会实现。
