Bozkurt M, Alçiçek A, Cabuk M, Küçükyilmaz K, Catli A U
Poultry Research Institute, 09600 Erbeyli, Aydin, Turkey.
Poult Sci. 2009 Nov;88(11):2368-74. doi: 10.3382/ps.2009-00048.
The effects of supplementing a basal diet with 2 levels of an essential oil mixture and an antibiotic on the growth, laying traits, and egg hatching characteristics of broiler breeders were examined in this study. Nine hundred sixty female and 128 male breeders at an age of 1 d old were randomly allocated to 16 replicates (i.e., 4 replicates of 4 dietary treatments) in a floor pen trial. Two levels of an essential oil mixture (EOM; i.e., 24 and 48 mg of EOM/kg of diet) and an antibiotic (i.e., l0 mg of avilamycin/kg of diet) were added to the basal starter, grower, and laying diets from 0 to 45 wk of age. Daily feed allocations were adjusted to produce a target BW and egg production rate of the breeders throughout the experimental period. The BW of the males and females were determined at 12, 21, and 45 wk of age. Livability during the growing and laying period was not affected by the dietary treatments. The fertility and hatchability of total eggs set were positively affected by the supplementation of the EOM in the diet (P < 0.01). The hen-day egg production, hatching egg weight, settable egg ratio, hatching of fertile eggs, extra large egg rate, and proportion of chick weight to egg weight were not affected significantly. The higher level of EOM (48 mg/kg) added to the diet led to the hatching of the heaviest chickens; the lower level of EOM (24 mg/kg) and antibiotic treatments led to the hatching of the intermediate weight chickens, followed by the control treatment (P < 0.01). Hens given the lower level of EOM in their diets produced a higher number of settable eggs and chicks as compared with those of other treatments, whereas hens fed the control diet yielded the lowest total settable eggs and chicks throughout the experimental laying period (P < 0.05). The results of this study showed that supplementing diets with EOM improved fertility, the hatchability of total eggs set, total settable eggs, total chicks, and the chick weight of broiler breeders.
本研究考察了在基础日粮中添加两种水平的精油混合物和一种抗生素对肉种鸡生长性能、产蛋性能及种蛋孵化特性的影响。将960只1日龄雌性和128只1日龄雄性种鸡随机分配到地面平养试验的16个重复组中（即4种日粮处理，每种处理4个重复）。从0至45周龄，在基础育雏料、育成料和产蛋料中添加两种水平的精油混合物（EOM，即每千克日粮添加24毫克和48毫克EOM）和一种抗生素（即每千克日粮添加10毫克阿维拉霉素）。在整个试验期内，每日饲料供应量进行调整，以使种鸡达到目标体重和产蛋率。分别于12、21和45周龄测定公母鸡体重。生长和产蛋期的存活率不受日粮处理的影响。日粮中添加EOM对总入孵蛋的受精率和孵化率有积极影响（P<0.01）。母鸡日产蛋量、种蛋重量、可入孵蛋比例、受精蛋孵化率、特大蛋比例以及雏鸡体重与蛋重之比均未受到显著影响。日粮中添加较高水平的EOM（48毫克/千克）使孵化出的雏鸡体重最大；较低水平的EOM（24毫克/千克）和抗生素处理组孵化出的雏鸡体重中等，对照组最低（P<0.01）。日粮中添加较低水平EOM的母鸡与其他处理组相比，产出的可入孵蛋和雏鸡数量更多，而在整个试验产蛋期，饲喂对照日粮的母鸡产出的可入孵蛋和雏鸡总数最低（P<0.05）。本研究结果表明，日粮中添加EOM可提高肉种鸡的受精率、总入孵蛋孵化率、可入孵蛋总数、雏鸡总数以及雏鸡体重。
