Population Health, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2010 Feb;103(3):319-34. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509991942. Epub 2009 Oct 16.
The Survey of Sugar Intake among Children in Scotland was carried out in May to September 2006. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns in school-aged children from the survey and investigate associations with socio-economic factors, obesity and physical activity. Habitual diet was assessed using the Scottish Collaborative Group FFQ. Height and weight were measured by trained fieldworkers. A total of 1233 FFQ were available for analysis. Dietary patterns were identified by age (5-11 and 12-17 years) and sex using principal components analysis. Associations between factor scores and socio-economic status, education level of the main food provider, physical activity levels and BMI category (based on UK 1990 charts) were examined. Three dietary patterns were identified in each age and sex group. 'Healthier' patterns loading highly for fruit and vegetables were significantly associated with higher socio-economic status and higher education levels of the main food provider whereas more 'unhealthy' patterns ('snacks' and 'puddings') were associated with lower socio-economic status and lower education levels of the main food provider. There was no consistent association between dietary patterns and BMI group or time spent in physical activity. However, inactivity (screen time) was inversely associated with 'healthier' patterns in all age and sex groups and positively associated with 'puddings' and 'snacks' in girls aged 5-11 years. Clear dietary patterns can be identified in school-age children in Scotland, which are consistently related to socio-economic factors and inactivity. This has implications for targeting health promotion at subgroups in terms of lifestyle changes required.
苏格兰儿童糖摄入量调查于 2006 年 5 月至 9 月进行。本研究旨在确定调查中学龄儿童的饮食模式，并研究其与社会经济因素、肥胖和身体活动的关系。习惯性饮食使用苏格兰协作组 FFQ 进行评估。身高和体重由经过培训的现场工作人员测量。共有 1233 份 FFQ 可用于分析。通过年龄（5-11 岁和 12-17 岁）和性别使用主成分分析确定饮食模式。因子得分与社会经济地位、主要食物提供者的教育水平、身体活动水平和 BMI 类别（基于英国 1990 年图表）之间的关联进行了检查。在每个年龄和性别组中都确定了三种饮食模式。“更健康”的模式高度加载水果和蔬菜，与较高的社会经济地位和主要食物提供者的较高教育水平显著相关，而更多的“不健康”模式（“零食”和“布丁”）与较低的社会经济地位和主要食物提供者的较低教育水平相关。饮食模式与 BMI 组或体育活动时间之间没有一致的关联。然而，在所有年龄和性别组中，不活动（屏幕时间）与“更健康”模式呈负相关，与 5-11 岁女孩的“布丁”和“零食”呈正相关。在苏格兰的学龄儿童中可以清楚地识别出饮食模式，这些模式与社会经济因素和不活动密切相关。这对于根据所需的生活方式改变针对特定亚组进行健康促进具有重要意义。
