Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Jan;42(1):5-12. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.10.006. Epub 2009 Oct 15.
Proliferative ischemic retinopathies such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and those stemming from retinal vein occlusion are the leading causes of blindness in the working age and pediatric populations of industrialized countries. They present major financial burdens for health care systems and account for significant loss of productivity. These pathologies are characterized by excessive pre-retinal blood vessel growth that can ultimately lead to a fibrous scar formation and culminate in retinal detachment. This abnormal and disproportionate hyper-vascularization is a compensatory mechanism to overcome an earlier phase of microvessel degeneration and reinstate metabolic equilibrium to the hypoxic retina. To date, the treatment modalities to counter these diseases largely rely on invasive and moderately efficient surgical interventions. In this review, we discuss the current views on retinal vaso-obliteration, neovascularization and available treatments and present future strategies to tackle these diseases.
增生性缺血性视网膜病变，如增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变（PDR）、早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）和视网膜静脉阻塞引起的病变，是工业化国家工作年龄人群和儿科人群失明的主要原因。它们给医疗保健系统带来了巨大的经济负担，并导致了生产力的显著损失。这些病变的特征是视网膜前血管过度生长，最终可导致纤维疤痕形成，并最终导致视网膜脱离。这种异常和不成比例的过度血管生成是一种代偿机制，可以克服早期的微血管退化阶段，使缺氧的视网膜恢复代谢平衡。迄今为止，治疗这些疾病的方法主要依赖于侵入性和中等效率的手术干预。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前对视网膜血管闭塞、新生血管形成和现有治疗方法的看法，并提出了未来治疗这些疾病的策略。
