Clapp Carmen, Thebault Stéphanie, Arnold Edith, García Celina, Rivera José Carlos, de la Escalera Gonzalo Martínez
Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Apartado Postal 1-1141, Querétaro, Qro., Mexico, 76001.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Oct;295(4):E772-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.90358.2008. Epub 2008 Jun 10.
Disruption of the quiescent state of blood vessels in the retina leads to aberrant vasopermeability and angiogenesis, the major causes of vision loss in diabetic retinopathy. Prolactin is expressed throughout the retina, where it is proteolytically cleaved to vasoinhibins, a family of peptides (including the 16-kDa fragment of prolactin) with potent antiangiogenic, vasoconstrictive, and antivasopermeability actions. Ocular vasoinhibins act directly on endothelial cells to block blood vessel growth and dilation and to promote apoptosis-mediated vascular regression. Also, vasoinhibins prevent retinal angiogenesis and vasopermeability associated with diabetic retinopathy, and inactivation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase via protein phosphatase 2A is among the various mechanisms mediating their actions. Here, we discuss the potential role of vasoinhibins both in the maintenance of normal retinal vasculature and in the cause and prevention of diabetic retinopathy and other vasoproliferative retinopathies.
视网膜血管静息状态的破坏会导致异常的血管通透性和血管生成，这是糖尿病视网膜病变导致视力丧失的主要原因。催乳素在整个视网膜中表达，在那里它被蛋白水解切割成血管抑制素，这是一类具有强大抗血管生成、血管收缩和抗血管通透性作用的肽（包括催乳素的16 kDa片段）。眼部血管抑制素直接作用于内皮细胞，以阻止血管生长和扩张，并促进凋亡介导的血管消退。此外，血管抑制素可预防与糖尿病视网膜病变相关的视网膜血管生成和血管通透性，并且通过蛋白磷酸酶2A使内皮型一氧化氮合酶失活是介导其作用的多种机制之一。在此，我们讨论血管抑制素在维持正常视网膜血管系统以及糖尿病视网膜病变和其他血管增殖性视网膜病变的病因及预防方面的潜在作用。
