Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2009 Dec 25;625(1-3):41-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.09.067. Epub 2009 Oct 20.
Major advances have been made in the field of immunology in the past two decades. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling the immune system has opened the door to many innovative and promising new cancer therapies that manipulate the immune response. For instance, toll-like receptor agonists have been shown to boost immune responses toward tumors. Also, a wide array of cell-based immunotherapies utilizing T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells have been established. Furthermore, a rapidly expanding repertoire of monoclonal antibodies is being developed to treat tumors, and many of the available antibodies have demonstrated impressive clinical responses. Here, we examine some of these immunotherapeutic approaches currently in use or testing to treat cancer, and we examine available evidence with regards to mechanism and efficacy of these treatments.
在过去的二十年中，免疫学领域取得了重大进展。对控制免疫系统的分子和细胞机制的更好理解为许多创新和有前途的新型癌症疗法打开了大门，这些疗法可以操纵免疫反应。例如，已经证明 Toll 样受体激动剂可以增强针对肿瘤的免疫反应。此外，已经建立了利用 T 细胞、NK 细胞和树突状细胞的多种基于细胞的免疫疗法。此外，正在开发大量用于治疗肿瘤的单克隆抗体，并且许多现有抗体已经显示出令人印象深刻的临床反应。在这里，我们检查了目前用于治疗癌症的一些免疫治疗方法，并检查了这些治疗方法的机制和疗效的现有证据。
