Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009 Aug;93(2):119-27. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2009000800009.
Analysis of metabolic alterations and body composition in adolescents.
To study the correlation of serum levels of lipids, glycemia, insulin, homocysteine, HOMA-IR and blood pressure among themselves and with body variables.
Data concerning glycemia, total cholesterol and fractions (LDL, HDL and VLDL), triacylglycerols, insulin, homocysteine and blood pressure were measured in 100 adolescents at the age range of 14 to 17 years, who had already had menarche and attended the public schools in Vicosa, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The percentage of body fat (%BF) was evaluated by horizontal bioimpedance.
In relation to nutritional status, 83%, 11% and 6%, respectively were eutrophic (EU), presented overweight/overweight risk (OW/OR) or low weight (LW) (CDC/NCHS, 2000) and 61% presented high percentage of BF. Total cholesterol presented the highest percentage of inadequacy (57%), followed by HDL (50%), LDL (47%) and triacylglycerols (22%). Inadequacy in 11%, 9%, 5% and 4% were observed in relation to insulin resistance, insulin, blood pressure and glycemia, respectively. For total cholesterol, insulin, HOMA-IR and nutritional state, OW/OR>LW (p<0.05). For body composition and nutritional status, OW/OR>EU>LW (p <0.001). Some positive and strong correlations were found between BMI and the anthropometrical measures estimating the % of total BF, as well as central distribution, except for the waist/hip ratio. The %BF was correlated with insulin levels (r=0.303; p <0.001) and HOMA-IR (r=0.281; p<0.001).
Some metabolic alterations, most often related with excess weight and body fat as well as insulin resistance were found, reinforcing the importance of specific programs directed at the adolescent health.
青少年代谢改变与身体成分分析。
研究青少年血清脂质、血糖、胰岛素、同型半胱氨酸、HOMA-IR 和血压之间及其与身体变量的相关性。
对巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州维多利亚市公立学校 100 名年龄在 14 至 17 岁、已初潮的青少年进行血糖、总胆固醇及各成分（LDL、HDL 和 VLDL）、三酰甘油、胰岛素、同型半胱氨酸和血压检测，采用水平生物电阻抗法评估体脂百分比（%BF）。
根据营养状况，83%、11%和 6%的青少年分别为营养良好（EU）、超重/超重风险（OW/OR）或体重过低（LW）（CDC/NCHS，2000），61%的青少年体脂百分比较高。总胆固醇的不达标率最高（57%），其次是 HDL（50%）、LDL（47%）和三酰甘油（22%）。胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素、血压和血糖的不达标率分别为 11%、9%、5%和 4%。OW/OR>LW 的青少年总胆固醇、胰岛素、HOMA-IR 和营养状况较差（p<0.05）。OW/OR>EU>LW 的青少年体成分和营养状况较差（p<0.001）。BMI 与估计总体 BF%和中心分布的人体测量指标之间存在正相关，除腰围/臀围比外，相关性较强。%BF 与胰岛素水平（r=0.303；p<0.001）和 HOMA-IR（r=0.281；p<0.001）呈正相关。
存在多种代谢改变，这些改变常与超重和体脂以及胰岛素抵抗有关，这强调了针对青少年健康的具体方案的重要性。
