口呼吸儿童的头影测量模式与患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的成年患者相似。
Mouth breathing children have cephalometric patterns similar to those of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
作者信息
Juliano Maria Ligia, Machado Marco Antonio Cardoso, Carvalho Luciane Bizari Coin de, Prado Lucila Bizari Fernandes do, do Prado Gilmar Fernandes
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Hospital São Paulo, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
出版信息
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2009 Sep;67(3B):860-5. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x2009000500015.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether mouth breathing children present the same cephalometric patterns as patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
METHOD
Cephalometric variables were traced and measured on vertical lateral cephalometric radiographs. The cephalometric measurements of 52 mouth and 90 nose breathing children were compared with apneic patients. The children had not undergone adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy and had not had or were not receiving orthodontic or orthopedic treatment.
RESULTS
Mouth breathing children showed same cephalometric pattern observed in patients with OSAS: a tendency to have a retruded mandible (p=0.05), along with greater inclination of the mandibular and occlusal planes (p<0.01) and a tendency to have greater inclination of the upper incisors (p=0.08). The nasopharyngeal and posterior airway spaces were greatly reduced in mouth breathing children, as observed in patients with apnea (p<0.01).
CONCLUSION
Mouth breathing children present abnormal cephalometric parameters and their craniofacial morphology resembles that of patients with OSAS.
目的
确定口呼吸儿童是否呈现出与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者相同的头影测量模式。
方法
在垂直侧位头影测量X线片上描绘并测量头影测量变量。将52名头呼吸儿童和90名鼻呼吸儿童的头影测量结果与呼吸暂停患者进行比较。这些儿童未接受过腺样体切除术或扁桃体切除术，也未接受或正在接受正畸或正颌治疗。
结果
口呼吸儿童表现出与OSAS患者相同的头影测量模式：下颌后缩倾向（p = 0.05），下颌平面和咬合平面倾斜度更大（p < 0.01），上切牙倾斜度有增大趋势（p = 0.08）。口呼吸儿童的鼻咽部和后气道间隙明显减小，与呼吸暂停患者情况相似（p < 0.01）。
结论
口呼吸儿童呈现异常的头影测量参数，其颅面形态与OSAS患者相似。
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