多导睡眠图的结果与口呼吸儿童的头影测量值有关。
Polysomnographic findings are associated with cephalometric measurements in mouth-breathing children.
机构信息
Neuro-Sono Section, Department of Neurology, Universidade ederal de São Paulo, Brazil.
出版信息
J Clin Sleep Med. 2009 Dec 15;5(6):554-61.
OBJECTIVES
Children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and those with an abnormal craniofacial morphology are predisposed to having sleep disordered breathing; many of these children are mouth breathers. The aim of this study was to determine whether an association exists between polysomnographic findings and cephalometric measures in mouth-breathing children.
METHODS
Twenty-seven children (15 mouth-breathing children and 12 nose-breathing children [control subjects]), aged 7 to 14 years, took part in the study. Polysomnographic variables included sleep efficiency, sleep latency, apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen saturation, arousal index, number of periodic limb movements in sleep, and snoring. Cephalometric measures included maxilla and mandible position, occlusal and mandibular plane inclination, incisor position, pharyngeal airway space width, and hyoid bone position.
RESULTS
As compared with nose-breathing children, mouth breathers were more likely to snore (p < 0.001) and to have an apnea-hypopnea index greater than 1 (p = 0.02). Mouth-breathing children were also more likely to have a retruded mandible, more inclined occlusal and mandibular planes, a smaller airway space, and a smaller superior pharyngeal airway space (p < 0.01). The apnea-hypopnea index increased as the posterior airway space decreased (p = 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study showed an association between polysomnographic data and cephalometric measures in mouth-breathing children. Snoring was the most important variable associated with abnormal craniofacial morphology. Orthodontists should send any mouth-breathing child for an evaluation of sleep if they find that the child has a small superior pharyngeal airway space or an increased ANB (the relationship between the maxilla and mandible), NS.PIO (occlusal plane inclination in relationship to the skull base), or NS.GoGn (the mandibular plane inclination in relation to the skull base), indicating that the child has a steeper mandibular plane.
目的
腺样体扁桃体肥大且存在异常颅面形态的儿童易发生睡眠呼吸障碍；其中许多儿童为口呼吸者。本研究旨在确定口呼吸儿童的多导睡眠图（PSG）结果与头影测量指标之间是否存在关联。
方法
27 名儿童（15 名口呼吸儿童和 12 名鼻呼吸儿童[对照组]），年龄 7 至 14 岁，参与了该研究。PSG 变量包括睡眠效率、睡眠潜伏期、呼吸暂停低通气指数、氧饱和度、觉醒指数、睡眠周期性肢体运动次数和打鼾。头影测量指标包括上颌和下颌的位置、咬合平面和下颌平面的倾斜度、切牙位置、咽气道空间宽度和舌骨位置。
结果
与鼻呼吸儿童相比，口呼吸者更有可能打鼾（p < 0.001）和呼吸暂停低通气指数大于 1（p = 0.02）。口呼吸儿童还更有可能存在后缩的下颌、更倾斜的咬合平面和下颌平面、较小的气道空间和较小的上咽气道空间（p < 0.01）。呼吸暂停低通气指数随着后气道空间的减小而增加（p = 0.05）。
结论
我们的研究表明，口呼吸儿童的 PSG 数据与头影测量指标之间存在关联。打鼾是与异常颅面形态最相关的重要变量。如果正畸医生发现口呼吸儿童存在较小的上咽气道空间或增加的 ANB（上颌和下颌之间的关系）、NS.PIO（咬合平面相对于颅底的倾斜度）或 NS.GoGn（下颌平面相对于颅底的倾斜度），表明儿童的下颌平面更陡，则应建议其进行睡眠评估。
Zotero 插件