Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Acta Paediatr. 2010 Jan;99(1):24-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01544.x.
Blood pressure (BP) is related with cardiovascular disease. BP tracking in childhood and its implication for intervention trials are unknown.
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate BP tracking.
In 29 independent studies on 27,820 subjects, follow-up length and baseline age were associated with systolic BP tracking (both p < 0.05), while gender, BP measurement method and study place were not (p = 0.215, p = 0.185 and p = 0.391). The overall adjusted systolic BP correlation coefficient was 0.44 between 10 and 11 years and decreased to 0.37 between 10 and 20 years. Comparison of BP changes before and after intervention need a 26% increased sample size for a 10-year follow-up of 10 year olds, while trials comparing BP values at study end only require smaller sample sizes.
Blood pressure tracking from childhood to adulthood affects trials assessing long-term effects on BP and was low-to-moderate. Therefore, regular BP controls are also needed in children with normal BP measurements possibly identifying hypertensive children earlier. A slight short-term intervention effect on BP may not have any long-term effects because of low BP tracking and its decrease by age.
血压（BP）与心血管疾病有关。儿童时期的 BP 监测及其对干预试验的影响尚不清楚。
进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估 BP 追踪情况。
在 27820 名受试者的 29 项独立研究中，随访时间和基线年龄与收缩压追踪相关（均<0.05），而性别、BP 测量方法和研究地点则没有相关（p=0.215、p=0.185 和 p=0.391）。10 岁至 11 岁之间的整体调整后收缩压相关系数为 0.44，而 10 岁至 20 岁之间则降至 0.37。与干预前相比，比较干预后 BP 变化需要在 10 岁时进行 10 年随访的样本量增加 26%，而仅比较研究结束时 BP 值的试验所需的样本量较小。
从儿童期到成年期的血压追踪会影响评估长期血压影响的试验，且其相关性为低至中度。因此，即使血压测量正常的儿童也可能需要定期进行 BP 控制，以便更早地识别出高血压儿童。由于 BP 追踪较低且随年龄下降，BP 短期干预的轻微效果可能不会产生任何长期效果。
