Dept of Public Health Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Eur Respir J. 2010 Jun;35(6):1228-34. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00100609. Epub 2009 Oct 19.
The present prospective study examined the association between maternal consumption of dairy products, calcium, and vitamin D during pregnancy and the risk of wheeze and eczema in the infants aged 16-24 months. Subjects were 763 Japanese mother-child pairs. Data on maternal intake during pregnancy were assessed with a diet history questionnaire. Symptoms of wheeze and eczema were based on criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Higher maternal intake of total dairy products, milk, cheese and calcium during pregnancy was significantly related to a decreased risk of infantile wheeze, but not eczema (adjusted ORs (95% CI) between extreme quartiles were 0.45 (0.25-0.79), 0.50 (0.28-0.87), 0.51 (0.31-0.85), and 0.57 (0.32-0.99), respectively). When maternal vitamin D consumption during pregnancy was categorised into two groups using a cut-off point at the 25th percentile, children whose mothers had consumed > or =4.309 microg x day(-1) had a significantly reduced risk of wheeze and eczema (adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 0.64 (0.43-0.97) and 0.63 (0.41-0.98), respectively). Higher consumption of calcium and dairy foods other than yoghurt during pregnancy may reduce the risk of infantile wheeze. Higher vitamin D intake during pregnancy may be protective against childhood wheeze and eczema.
本前瞻性研究探讨了孕妇在怀孕期间摄入乳制品、钙和维生素 D 与 16-24 个月大婴儿喘息和湿疹风险之间的关系。研究对象为 763 对日本母婴。怀孕期间的母体摄入量数据通过饮食史问卷进行评估。喘息和湿疹的症状是基于儿童国际哮喘和过敏研究的标准。怀孕期间母体总乳制品、牛奶、奶酪和钙的摄入量较高与婴儿喘息风险降低显著相关，但与湿疹无关（极端四分位数之间的调整比值比（95%CI）分别为 0.45（0.25-0.79）、0.50（0.28-0.87）、0.51（0.31-0.85）和 0.57（0.32-0.99））。当将孕妇怀孕期间的维生素 D 摄入量分为两组，使用第 25 百分位数作为截断点时，母亲摄入≥4.309μg/天的儿童，喘息和湿疹的风险显著降低（调整比值比（95%CI）分别为 0.64（0.43-0.97）和 0.63（0.41-0.98））。怀孕期间摄入更多的钙和除酸奶以外的乳制品可能会降低婴儿喘息的风险。怀孕期间摄入较高的维生素 D 可能对儿童喘息和湿疹具有保护作用。
