BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Jan;85(3):491-506. doi: 10.1007/s00253-009-2307-y.
The branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), L-valine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine, have recently been attracting much attention as their potential to be applied in various fields, including animal feed additive, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, increased. Strategies for developing microbial strains efficiently producing BCAAs are now in transition toward systems metabolic engineering from random mutagenesis. The metabolism and regulatory circuits of BCAA biosynthesis need to be thoroughly understood for designing system-wide metabolic engineering strategies. Here we review the current knowledge on BCAAs including their biosynthetic pathways, regulations, and export and transport systems. Recent advances in the development of BCAA production strains are also reviewed with a particular focus on L-valine production strain. At the end, the general strategies for developing BCAA overproducers by systems metabolic engineering are suggested.
支链氨基酸（BCAAs），包括 L-缬氨酸、L-亮氨酸和 L-异亮氨酸，由于其在动物饲料添加剂、化妆品和制药等各个领域的潜在应用而备受关注。目前，高效生产 BCAAs 的微生物菌株的开发策略正在从随机诱变向系统代谢工程转变。为了设计系统范围的代谢工程策略，需要彻底了解 BCAAs 的代谢和调控回路。在这里，我们综述了 BCAAs 的最新知识，包括其生物合成途径、调控以及输出和运输系统。还特别关注 L-缬氨酸生产菌株，综述了 BCAAs 生产菌株的最新进展。最后，提出了通过系统代谢工程开发 BCAAs 高产菌的一般策略。
