Kuhn Nastaran Z, Tuan Rocky S
Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
J Cell Physiol. 2010 Feb;222(2):268-77. doi: 10.1002/jcp.21940.
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult tissues have been considered a candidate cell type for cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These multipotent cells have the ability to differentiate along several mesenchymal lineages and possibly along non-mesenchymal lineages. MSCs possess considerable immunosuppressive properties that can influence the surrounding tissue positively during regeneration, but perhaps negatively towards the pathogenesis of cancer and metastasis. The balance between the naïve stem state and differentiation is highly dependent on the stem cell niche. Identification of stem cell niche components has helped to elucidate the mechanisms of stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Ultimately, the fate of stem cells is dictated by their microenvironment. In this review, we describe the identification and characterization of bone marrow-derived MSCs, the properties of the bone marrow stem cell niche, and the possibility and likelihood of MSC involvement in cancer progression and metastasis.
源自成人组织的人间充质干细胞（MSCs）被认为是基于细胞的组织工程和再生医学的候选细胞类型。这些多能细胞能够沿着多个间充质谱系分化，也可能沿着非间充质谱系分化。MSCs具有相当强的免疫抑制特性，在再生过程中可对周围组织产生积极影响，但对癌症发病机制和转移可能产生负面影响。原始干细胞状态与分化之间的平衡高度依赖于干细胞生态位。干细胞生态位成分的鉴定有助于阐明干细胞维持和分化的机制。最终，干细胞的命运由其微环境决定。在本综述中，我们描述了骨髓来源的MSCs的鉴定和特征、骨髓干细胞生态位的特性，以及MSCs参与癌症进展和转移的可能性。
